Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation; a review of the evidence.
Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation; a review of the evidence.
?2-1 Fructans are carbohydrate molecules with prebiotic properties. Through resistance to digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract, they reach the colon intact, where they selectively stimulate the growth and/or activity of beneficial members of the gut microbiota. Through this modification of the intestinal microbiota, and by additional mechanisms, ?2-1 fructans may have beneficial effects upon immune function, ability to combat infection, and inflammatory processes and conditions.
In this paper, we have collated, summarised and evaluated studies investigating these areas. Twenty-one studies in laboratory animals suggest that some aspects of innate and adaptive immunity of the gut and the systemic immune systems are modified by ?2-1 fructans. In man, two studies in children and nine studies in adults indicate that the adaptive immune system may be modified by ?2-1 fructans. Thirteen studies in animal models of intestinal infections conclude a beneficial effect of ?2-1 fructans.
Ten trials involving infants and children have mostly reported benefits on infectious outcomes; in fifteen adult trials, little effect was generally seen, although in specific situations, certain ?2-1 fructans may be beneficial. Ten studies in animal models show benefit of ?2-1 fructans with regard to intestinal inflammation. Human studies report some benefits regarding inflammatory bowel disease (four positive studies) and atopic dermatitis (one positive study), but findings in irritable bowel syndrome are inconsistent.
Therefore, overall the results indicate that ?2-1 fructans are able to modulate some aspects of immune function, to improve the host's ability to respond successfully to certain intestinal infections, and to modify some inflammatory conditions.
?2-1 fructans, inulin, oligofructose, fructo oligosaccharides, cytokines
633-658
Lomax, Amy R.
8c33168f-c3e7-4c3e-a579-dad99a866d07
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Lomax, Amy R.
8c33168f-c3e7-4c3e-a579-dad99a866d07
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Lomax, Amy R. and Calder, Philip C.
(2009)
Prebiotics, immune function, infection and inflammation; a review of the evidence.
Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 101, .
(doi:10.1017/S0007114508055608).
(Submitted)
Abstract
?2-1 Fructans are carbohydrate molecules with prebiotic properties. Through resistance to digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract, they reach the colon intact, where they selectively stimulate the growth and/or activity of beneficial members of the gut microbiota. Through this modification of the intestinal microbiota, and by additional mechanisms, ?2-1 fructans may have beneficial effects upon immune function, ability to combat infection, and inflammatory processes and conditions.
In this paper, we have collated, summarised and evaluated studies investigating these areas. Twenty-one studies in laboratory animals suggest that some aspects of innate and adaptive immunity of the gut and the systemic immune systems are modified by ?2-1 fructans. In man, two studies in children and nine studies in adults indicate that the adaptive immune system may be modified by ?2-1 fructans. Thirteen studies in animal models of intestinal infections conclude a beneficial effect of ?2-1 fructans.
Ten trials involving infants and children have mostly reported benefits on infectious outcomes; in fifteen adult trials, little effect was generally seen, although in specific situations, certain ?2-1 fructans may be beneficial. Ten studies in animal models show benefit of ?2-1 fructans with regard to intestinal inflammation. Human studies report some benefits regarding inflammatory bowel disease (four positive studies) and atopic dermatitis (one positive study), but findings in irritable bowel syndrome are inconsistent.
Therefore, overall the results indicate that ?2-1 fructans are able to modulate some aspects of immune function, to improve the host's ability to respond successfully to certain intestinal infections, and to modify some inflammatory conditions.
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Submitted date: 2009
Keywords:
?2-1 fructans, inulin, oligofructose, fructo oligosaccharides, cytokines
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Local EPrints ID: 147189
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/147189
ISSN: 0952-3871
PURE UUID: 7f41dc4b-cf54-4ef2-9983-f7a4c154435d
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Date deposited: 23 Apr 2010 11:32
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:39
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Author:
Amy R. Lomax
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