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Recent advances in alveolar biology: evolution and function of alveolar proteins

Recent advances in alveolar biology: evolution and function of alveolar proteins
Recent advances in alveolar biology: evolution and function of alveolar proteins
This review is focused on the evolution and function of alveolar proteins. The lung faces physical and environmental challenges, due to changing pressures/volumes and foreign pathogens, respectively. The pulmonary surfactant system is integral in protecting the lung from these challenges via two groups of surfactant proteins - the small molecular weight hydrophobic SPs, SP-B and -C, that regulate interfacial adsorption of the lipids, and the large hydrophilic SPs, SP-A and -D, which are surfactant collectins capable of inhibiting foreign pathogens. Further aiding pulmonary host defence are non-surfactant collectins and antimicrobial peptides that are expressed across the biological kingdoms. Linking to the first symposium session, which emphasised molecular structure and biophysical function of surfactant lipids and proteins, this review begins with a discussion of the role of temperature and hydrostatic pressure in shaping the evolution of SP-C in mammals. Transitioning to the role of the alveolus in innate host defence we discuss the structure, function and regulation of antimicrobial peptides, the defensins and cathelicidins. We describe the recent discovery of novel avian collectins and provide evidence for their role in preventing influenza infection. This is followed by discussions of the roles of SP-A and SP-D in mediating host defence at the alveolar surface and in mediating inflammation and the allergic response of the airways. Finally we discuss the use of animal models of lung disease including knockouts to develop an understanding of the role of these proteins in initiating and/or perpetuating disease with the aim of developing new therapeutic strategies.
surfactant proteins, sp-a, sp-c, sp-d, binding affinity, oligomerization, deficiency, alveolar proteins, collectins, cathelicidins, defensins, innate host defence, hemagglutination inhibition activity, bacterial aggregation, pro-inflammatory response, anti-inflammatory response, airways, allergic response, sensitization, surfactant homeostasis, alveolar lipoproteinosis, type II cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, lamellar body size and number
1569-9048
S43-S54
Orgeig, Sandra
5f9ef159-9b3e-4f84-8b10-a24398529957
Hiemstra, Pieter S.
505c7929-89d2-44fb-b622-841410c29d84
Veldhuizen, Edwin J.A..
587ec07b-c3e9-41f8-90e1-53d933cb1a7b
Casals, Cristina
92177ae3-e1c9-4cad-9f77-183ad785329f
Clark, Howard W.
70550b6d-3bd7-47c6-8c02-4f43f37d5213
Haczku, Angela
c01c333b-56ce-448a-92d5-db7ae30f99ba
Knudsen, Lars
4fdb7389-849e-425e-827b-9bb89ed60210
Possmayer, Fred
8583f300-1890-4049-bb60-2fbc4fb2adf4
Orgeig, Sandra
5f9ef159-9b3e-4f84-8b10-a24398529957
Hiemstra, Pieter S.
505c7929-89d2-44fb-b622-841410c29d84
Veldhuizen, Edwin J.A..
587ec07b-c3e9-41f8-90e1-53d933cb1a7b
Casals, Cristina
92177ae3-e1c9-4cad-9f77-183ad785329f
Clark, Howard W.
70550b6d-3bd7-47c6-8c02-4f43f37d5213
Haczku, Angela
c01c333b-56ce-448a-92d5-db7ae30f99ba
Knudsen, Lars
4fdb7389-849e-425e-827b-9bb89ed60210
Possmayer, Fred
8583f300-1890-4049-bb60-2fbc4fb2adf4

Orgeig, Sandra, Hiemstra, Pieter S., Veldhuizen, Edwin J.A.., Casals, Cristina, Clark, Howard W., Haczku, Angela, Knudsen, Lars and Possmayer, Fred (2010) Recent advances in alveolar biology: evolution and function of alveolar proteins. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 173, supplement 1, S43-S54. (doi:10.1016/j.resp.2010.04.023). (PMID:20433956)

Record type: Article

Abstract

This review is focused on the evolution and function of alveolar proteins. The lung faces physical and environmental challenges, due to changing pressures/volumes and foreign pathogens, respectively. The pulmonary surfactant system is integral in protecting the lung from these challenges via two groups of surfactant proteins - the small molecular weight hydrophobic SPs, SP-B and -C, that regulate interfacial adsorption of the lipids, and the large hydrophilic SPs, SP-A and -D, which are surfactant collectins capable of inhibiting foreign pathogens. Further aiding pulmonary host defence are non-surfactant collectins and antimicrobial peptides that are expressed across the biological kingdoms. Linking to the first symposium session, which emphasised molecular structure and biophysical function of surfactant lipids and proteins, this review begins with a discussion of the role of temperature and hydrostatic pressure in shaping the evolution of SP-C in mammals. Transitioning to the role of the alveolus in innate host defence we discuss the structure, function and regulation of antimicrobial peptides, the defensins and cathelicidins. We describe the recent discovery of novel avian collectins and provide evidence for their role in preventing influenza infection. This is followed by discussions of the roles of SP-A and SP-D in mediating host defence at the alveolar surface and in mediating inflammation and the allergic response of the airways. Finally we discuss the use of animal models of lung disease including knockouts to develop an understanding of the role of these proteins in initiating and/or perpetuating disease with the aim of developing new therapeutic strategies.

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More information

Published date: 31 August 2010
Keywords: surfactant proteins, sp-a, sp-c, sp-d, binding affinity, oligomerization, deficiency, alveolar proteins, collectins, cathelicidins, defensins, innate host defence, hemagglutination inhibition activity, bacterial aggregation, pro-inflammatory response, anti-inflammatory response, airways, allergic response, sensitization, surfactant homeostasis, alveolar lipoproteinosis, type II cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, lamellar body size and number

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 158081
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/158081
ISSN: 1569-9048
PURE UUID: c0a37653-7151-4cc2-ae63-73428d8814d1

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Date deposited: 14 Jun 2010 15:28
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 01:49

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Contributors

Author: Sandra Orgeig
Author: Pieter S. Hiemstra
Author: Edwin J.A.. Veldhuizen
Author: Cristina Casals
Author: Howard W. Clark
Author: Angela Haczku
Author: Lars Knudsen
Author: Fred Possmayer

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