Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD: A dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition
Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. (2002) Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD: A dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition. Behavioural Brain Research, 130, (1-2), 29-36. (doi:10.1016/S0166-4328(01)00432-6).
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Description/Abstract
Psychological accounts have characterised attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) as either a neuro-cognitive disorder of regulation or a motivational style. Poor inhibitory control is thought to underpin AD/HD children's dysregulation while delay aversion is a dominant characteristic of their motivational style.
A recent ‘head to head’ study of these two accounts suggest that delay aversion and poor inhibitory control are independent co-existing characteristics of AD/HD (combined type). In the present paper we build on these findings to propose a dual pathway model of AD/HD that recognises two quite distinct sub-types of the disorder. In one AD/HD is the result of the dysregulation of action and thought resulting from poor inhibitory control associated with the meso-cortical branch of the dopamine system projecting in the cortical control centres (e.g. pre-frontal cortex).
In the other AD/HD is a motivational style characterised by an altered delay of reward gradient linked to the meso-limbic dopamine branch associated with the reward circuits (e.g. nucleus accumbens). The two pathways are further distinguished at the levels of symptoms, cognitive and motivation profiles and genetic and non-genetic origins.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| ISSNs: | 0166-4328 (print) |
| Related URLs: | |
| Keywords: | attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder, heterogeneity, inhibitory control, executive function, delay aversion, dopamine, meso-limbic, meso-cortical, birth complications |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics > RJ101 Child Health. Child health services |
| Divisions: | University Structure - Pre August 2011 > School of Psychology > Division of Clinical Neuroscience |
| Item ID: | 18277 |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jan 2006 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Jun 2011 01:45 |
| Contributors: | Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S. (Author) |
| Date: | 2002 |
| Status: | Published |
| Contact Email Address: | ejb3@soton.ac.uk |
| URI: | http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/18277 |
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