Evaluating three theory-based interventions to increase physicians' recommendations of smoking cessation services

Vogt, Florian, Hall, Sue, Hankins, Matthew and Marteau, Theresa M. (2009) Evaluating three theory-based interventions to increase physicians' recommendations of smoking cessation services. Health Psychology, 28 (2), 174-182. (doi:10.1037/a0013783). (PMID:19290709)

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate three theory-based interventions aimed at increasing the rate at which primary care physicians recommend smoking cessation services to smokers.

Design: primary care physicians (n = 251) were randomized to one of four conditions: (a) information based on social cognitive theory (SCT) targeting outcome expectations, (b) information based on SCT + elaboration likelihood model, (c) feedback based on self-perception theory, or (d) control.

Main outcome measures: intentions to recommend and self-reported recommendations of smoking cessation services 1 week postintervention.

Results: data were analyzed using covariance and mean structure analysis. Compared with the control group, only the SCT group reported more frequently recommending services (mean difference = 1.1 recommendations per week, Cohen's d = 0.46) and higher intentions. Mediation analysis was consistent with increased intentions resulting from changes in outcome expectations. There was no evidence that changes in intentions explained self-reported behavior change.

Conclusion: the study provides preliminary “proof of principle” for further studies incorporating more robust outcome measures

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