Direct numerical simulation of a decelerated wall-bounded turbulent shear flow

Description/Abstract

A fully developed turbulent channel flow is subjected to a mean strain that approximates that in a spatially developing adverse-pressure-gradient (APG) boundary layer. This is done by applying uniform irrotational temporal deformations to the flow domain of a conventional direct numerical simulation channel code. The velocity difference between the inner and outer layer is also controlled by accelerating the walls in the streamwise plane, in order to duplicate the defining features of both the inner and outer regions of an APG boundary layer. Eventually, the flow reverses at the wall. We address basic physics and modelling issues, and create a database that makes detailed testing of turbulence models easy. As in the corresponding spatial layers, distinct inner- and outer-layer dynamics are observed: a decrease in turbulence intensity near the wall is accompanied by increased energy in the outer layer. The ‘extra strain’ effect associated with the diverging outer-layer streamlines is documented, particularly in the Reynolds-stress budgets.