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Glucose tolerance in pregnancy in South India: relationships to neonatal anthropometry

Glucose tolerance in pregnancy in South India: relationships to neonatal anthropometry
Glucose tolerance in pregnancy in South India: relationships to neonatal anthropometry
Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, most rapidly in developing countries such as India. Exposure as a fetus to maternal gestational diabetes is thought to be a risk factor for developing the disease. This study was set up to determine the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in one urban maternity unit in South India and to examine its effect on the offspring's neonatal anthropometry, childhood growth, and glucose/insulin metabolism. This paper reports neonatal outcomes.
Methods: Seven hundred and eighty five women were recruited consecutively from the antenatal clinic of the Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore and underwent a 100 g, 3-hr oral glucose tolerance test at 30 ± 2 weeks gestation. Gestational diabetes was defined using Carpenter and Coustan criteria. The babies were measured in detail at birth.
Results: Mean maternal age and body mass index were 23.6 years and 23.1 kg/m2. The incidence of gestational diabetes was 6.2%. Mothers with gestational diabetes had babies that were heavier (3339 g compared with 2956 g for non-diabetic mothers) and larger in measurements of fat, muscle, and skeleton. Even in non-diabetic pregnancies, neonatal weight, head circumference, and ponderal index were positively related to maternal fasting glucose concentrations (P ? 0.05 for all).
Conclusions: The incidence of gestational diabetes was high in this unselected sample of mothers booking into one urban Indian maternity unit. Community-based studies are required to confirm this. The effect of maternal glucose concentrations on neonatal anthropometry is continuous and extends into the 'normal' glycemic range.
0001-6349
159-165
Hill, J.C.
418c7f77-f207-4e8d-98fa-7dbe8b2a02c1
Krishnaveni, G.V.
e9cc468a-8262-4dde-8eba-e047c68a3dce
Annamma, I.
b365c354-9142-409f-b5bb-11b786a59db3
Leary, S.D.
7d73ca65-d303-40d4-964b-ff0fb6635a70
Fall, C.H.
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18
Hill, J.C.
418c7f77-f207-4e8d-98fa-7dbe8b2a02c1
Krishnaveni, G.V.
e9cc468a-8262-4dde-8eba-e047c68a3dce
Annamma, I.
b365c354-9142-409f-b5bb-11b786a59db3
Leary, S.D.
7d73ca65-d303-40d4-964b-ff0fb6635a70
Fall, C.H.
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18

Hill, J.C., Krishnaveni, G.V., Annamma, I., Leary, S.D. and Fall, C.H. (2005) Glucose tolerance in pregnancy in South India: relationships to neonatal anthropometry. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 84 (2), 159-165. (doi:10.1111/j.0001-6349.2005.00670.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, most rapidly in developing countries such as India. Exposure as a fetus to maternal gestational diabetes is thought to be a risk factor for developing the disease. This study was set up to determine the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in one urban maternity unit in South India and to examine its effect on the offspring's neonatal anthropometry, childhood growth, and glucose/insulin metabolism. This paper reports neonatal outcomes.
Methods: Seven hundred and eighty five women were recruited consecutively from the antenatal clinic of the Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore and underwent a 100 g, 3-hr oral glucose tolerance test at 30 ± 2 weeks gestation. Gestational diabetes was defined using Carpenter and Coustan criteria. The babies were measured in detail at birth.
Results: Mean maternal age and body mass index were 23.6 years and 23.1 kg/m2. The incidence of gestational diabetes was 6.2%. Mothers with gestational diabetes had babies that were heavier (3339 g compared with 2956 g for non-diabetic mothers) and larger in measurements of fat, muscle, and skeleton. Even in non-diabetic pregnancies, neonatal weight, head circumference, and ponderal index were positively related to maternal fasting glucose concentrations (P ? 0.05 for all).
Conclusions: The incidence of gestational diabetes was high in this unselected sample of mothers booking into one urban Indian maternity unit. Community-based studies are required to confirm this. The effect of maternal glucose concentrations on neonatal anthropometry is continuous and extends into the 'normal' glycemic range.

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Published date: 2005

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 25610
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/25610
ISSN: 0001-6349
PURE UUID: ccd360d2-4322-4867-a2d1-74bf2860b2bf
ORCID for C.H. Fall: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-5552

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Date deposited: 10 Apr 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:38

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Contributors

Author: J.C. Hill
Author: G.V. Krishnaveni
Author: I. Annamma
Author: S.D. Leary
Author: C.H. Fall ORCID iD

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