Population-based demographic study of karyotypes in 1709 patients with adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Sanderson, R.N., Johnson, P.R., Moorman, A.V., Roman, E., Willett, E., Taylor, P.R., Proctor, S.J., Bown, N., Ogston, S. and Bowen, D.T. (2006) Population-based demographic study of karyotypes in 1709 patients with adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Leukemia, 20 (3), 444-450. (doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2404055).

Abstract

Few large demographic studies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are derived from population-based registries. Demographic and karyotypic data were provided for AML cases from two regional leukemia registry databases in Scotland and the Northern Region of England. A population-based dataset was compiled, comprising 1709 patients aged >16 years (1235 North England/474 Scotland patients). The most common cytogenetic abnormalities involved chromosomes 5 and/or 7 (17%). Patients with the following abnormal chromosome 5/7 combinations: -5, del(5q), -5/-7 and del(5q)/-7 represented a significantly older population (P<0.01, ANOVA). t(8;21) was the only 'favourable' karyotype found in older age. Karyotypic complexity varied within chromosome 5/7 combination groups; those containing -5, -5/-7, -5/del(7q), del(5q)/-7 or del(5q)/del(7q) combinations were significantly more frequently complex than those containing -7 and del(7q) (P<0.01, 2 test). Additional recurring cytogenetic abnormalities within complex karyotypes containing chromosome 5/7 combinations included (in order of frequency), abnormalities of chromosomes 17, 12, 3 and 18. Complex karyotypes not involving chromosomes 5 or 7 represented 30% of all complex karyotypes, occurred in younger patients than those involving chromosomes 5 and 7, and frequently included additional trisomy 8 (26%). In conclusion, we describe subgroups within adverse karyotypes, with different demographics, degree of complexity and additional chromosome abnormalities.

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