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The composition of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals

The composition of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals
The composition of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals
Maintaining a functional pulmonary surfactant system at depth is critical for diving mammals to ensure that inspiration is possible upon re-emergence. The lipid and protein composition of lavage extracts from three pinniped species (California sea lion, Northern elephant seal and Ringed seal) were compared to several terrestrial species. Lavage samples were purified using a NaBr discontinuous gradient. Concentrations of phospholipid classes and molecular species were measured using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, cholesterol was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and SP-B were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. There were small differences in phospholipid classes, with a lower level of anionic surfactant phospholipids, PG and PI, between diving and terrestrial mammals. There were no differences in PL saturation or SP-A levels between species. PC16:0/14:0, PC16:0/16:1, PC16:0/16:0, long chain PI species and the total concentrations of alkyl–acyl species of PC and PG as a ratio of diacyl species were increased in diving mammals, whereas concentrations of PC16:0/18:1, PG16:0/16:0 and PG16:0/18:1 were decreased. Cholesterol levels were very variable between species and SP-B was very low in diving mammals. These differences may explain the very poor surface activity of pinniped surfactant that we have previously described [Miller, N.J., Daniels, C.B., Schürch, S., Schoel, W.M., Orgeig, S., 2005. The surface activity of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals.
pinniped, phospholipid molecular species, plasmanyl ether species, cholesterol, surfactant protein A, surfactant protein B
1569-9048
152-168
Miller, Natalie J.
ef54d66c-4eeb-4f78-b543-73966b66ab8d
Postle, Anthony D.
0fa17988-b4a0-4cdc-819a-9ae15c5dad66
Orgeig, Sandra
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Koster, Grielof
e404c38a-6f48-430a-adf0-5208228cb9e7
Daniels, Christopher B.
90b6cbe0-b20e-4631-a0c5-fe4741327df5
Miller, Natalie J.
ef54d66c-4eeb-4f78-b543-73966b66ab8d
Postle, Anthony D.
0fa17988-b4a0-4cdc-819a-9ae15c5dad66
Orgeig, Sandra
5f9ef159-9b3e-4f84-8b10-a24398529957
Koster, Grielof
e404c38a-6f48-430a-adf0-5208228cb9e7
Daniels, Christopher B.
90b6cbe0-b20e-4631-a0c5-fe4741327df5

Miller, Natalie J., Postle, Anthony D., Orgeig, Sandra, Koster, Grielof and Daniels, Christopher B. (2006) The composition of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 152 (2), 152-168. (doi:10.1016/j.resp.2005.08.001).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Maintaining a functional pulmonary surfactant system at depth is critical for diving mammals to ensure that inspiration is possible upon re-emergence. The lipid and protein composition of lavage extracts from three pinniped species (California sea lion, Northern elephant seal and Ringed seal) were compared to several terrestrial species. Lavage samples were purified using a NaBr discontinuous gradient. Concentrations of phospholipid classes and molecular species were measured using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, cholesterol was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and SP-B were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. There were small differences in phospholipid classes, with a lower level of anionic surfactant phospholipids, PG and PI, between diving and terrestrial mammals. There were no differences in PL saturation or SP-A levels between species. PC16:0/14:0, PC16:0/16:1, PC16:0/16:0, long chain PI species and the total concentrations of alkyl–acyl species of PC and PG as a ratio of diacyl species were increased in diving mammals, whereas concentrations of PC16:0/18:1, PG16:0/16:0 and PG16:0/18:1 were decreased. Cholesterol levels were very variable between species and SP-B was very low in diving mammals. These differences may explain the very poor surface activity of pinniped surfactant that we have previously described [Miller, N.J., Daniels, C.B., Schürch, S., Schoel, W.M., Orgeig, S., 2005. The surface activity of pulmonary surfactant from diving mammals.

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More information

Published date: 2006
Keywords: pinniped, phospholipid molecular species, plasmanyl ether species, cholesterol, surfactant protein A, surfactant protein B

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 27270
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/27270
ISSN: 1569-9048
PURE UUID: 3636912a-ee61-4370-9364-4c274b9cd755
ORCID for Anthony D. Postle: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7361-0756

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Date deposited: 24 Apr 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:32

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Contributors

Author: Natalie J. Miller
Author: Sandra Orgeig
Author: Grielof Koster
Author: Christopher B. Daniels

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