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Dissociation of erythema and p53 protein expression in human skin following UVB irradiation, and induction of p53 protein and mRNA following application of skin irritants

Dissociation of erythema and p53 protein expression in human skin following UVB irradiation, and induction of p53 protein and mRNA following application of skin irritants
Dissociation of erythema and p53 protein expression in human skin following UVB irradiation, and induction of p53 protein and mRNA following application of skin irritants
The mechanisms mediating the varied effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on human skin are unclear, although a relationship between erythema and DNA damage is suggested by photosensitivity in xeroderma pigmentosum. Increased p53 expression in response to UVR is thought to reflect direct DNA damage, but recent evidence indicates that UVR also activates membrane and cytosolic signal transduction pathways. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between erythema and p53 induction following UVB and whether this p53 response is specific to UVR. p53 protein expression was determined by immunocytochemistry using the monoclonal antibody DO7, and p53 mRNA expression was examined by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. Incremental doses of UVB were administered to the lower back of eight subjects. Immunostaining revealed that p53 positive nuclei were significantly increased 8 h after suberythemogenic doses of UVB (79 +/- 12), compared to normal unirradiated skin (8 +/- 6, p < 0.0005), but no change in p53 mRNA was seen. Higher UVB doses, which resulted in moderate erythema, resulted in a similar or greater induction of p53 protein. Indomethacin (1% w/v), applied immediately after UVB irradiation, significantly inhibited UVB erythema at 8 h in six subjects (p < 0.005), but did not reduce p53 immunostaining. Dithranol (1 microgram/microliter, n = 8), sodium dodecylsulphate (5%, n = 4), and retinoic acid (0.5%, n = 4), applied for 48 h, caused erythema, significantly increased p53 protein levels (p < 0.05), and also increased p53 mRNA. Our results show that in human skin, UVB-induced p53 elevation can be dissociated from erythema and skin irritants can also induce p53 protein. The induction of p53 mRNA by irritants but not UVR suggests different mechanisms of action.
dithranol, immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, western blotting
0022-202X
493-499
Healy, Eugene
400fc04d-f81a-474a-ae25-7ff894be0ebd
Reynolds, Nicholas J.
ebef3e44-f65b-4598-a259-29ac74ae63ea
Smith, Martin D.
871dbd2f-83bb-4c7e-ab1d-c890394db215
Campbell, Christine
c8f4379f-2263-4099-a8f4-6c796c26bba3
Farr, Peter M.
48f96a54-dc87-422e-a462-5ee4e51f0ba8
Rees, Jonathan L.
8a58a967-d239-4300-b363-ca471bf7047f
Healy, Eugene
400fc04d-f81a-474a-ae25-7ff894be0ebd
Reynolds, Nicholas J.
ebef3e44-f65b-4598-a259-29ac74ae63ea
Smith, Martin D.
871dbd2f-83bb-4c7e-ab1d-c890394db215
Campbell, Christine
c8f4379f-2263-4099-a8f4-6c796c26bba3
Farr, Peter M.
48f96a54-dc87-422e-a462-5ee4e51f0ba8
Rees, Jonathan L.
8a58a967-d239-4300-b363-ca471bf7047f

Healy, Eugene, Reynolds, Nicholas J., Smith, Martin D., Campbell, Christine, Farr, Peter M. and Rees, Jonathan L. (1994) Dissociation of erythema and p53 protein expression in human skin following UVB irradiation, and induction of p53 protein and mRNA following application of skin irritants. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 103 (4), 493-499. (doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12395637). (PMID:7930673)

Record type: Article

Abstract

The mechanisms mediating the varied effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on human skin are unclear, although a relationship between erythema and DNA damage is suggested by photosensitivity in xeroderma pigmentosum. Increased p53 expression in response to UVR is thought to reflect direct DNA damage, but recent evidence indicates that UVR also activates membrane and cytosolic signal transduction pathways. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between erythema and p53 induction following UVB and whether this p53 response is specific to UVR. p53 protein expression was determined by immunocytochemistry using the monoclonal antibody DO7, and p53 mRNA expression was examined by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. Incremental doses of UVB were administered to the lower back of eight subjects. Immunostaining revealed that p53 positive nuclei were significantly increased 8 h after suberythemogenic doses of UVB (79 +/- 12), compared to normal unirradiated skin (8 +/- 6, p < 0.0005), but no change in p53 mRNA was seen. Higher UVB doses, which resulted in moderate erythema, resulted in a similar or greater induction of p53 protein. Indomethacin (1% w/v), applied immediately after UVB irradiation, significantly inhibited UVB erythema at 8 h in six subjects (p < 0.005), but did not reduce p53 immunostaining. Dithranol (1 microgram/microliter, n = 8), sodium dodecylsulphate (5%, n = 4), and retinoic acid (0.5%, n = 4), applied for 48 h, caused erythema, significantly increased p53 protein levels (p < 0.05), and also increased p53 mRNA. Our results show that in human skin, UVB-induced p53 elevation can be dissociated from erythema and skin irritants can also induce p53 protein. The induction of p53 mRNA by irritants but not UVR suggests different mechanisms of action.

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More information

Published date: October 1994
Keywords: dithranol, immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, western blotting
Organisations: Clinical & Experimental Sciences

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Local EPrints ID: 334026
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/334026
ISSN: 0022-202X
PURE UUID: e5068c0f-aa83-453c-9c8d-305bdf98a5c0

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Date deposited: 16 Mar 2012 09:46
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 10:32

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Contributors

Author: Eugene Healy
Author: Nicholas J. Reynolds
Author: Martin D. Smith
Author: Christine Campbell
Author: Peter M. Farr
Author: Jonathan L. Rees

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