Increased intake of oily fish in pregnancy: effects on neonatal immune responses and on clinical outcomes in infants at 6 months
Noakes, P.S., Vlachava, M., Kremmyda, L.S., Diaper, N.D., Miles, E.A., Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M., Williams, A.P., Godfrey, K.M. and Calder, P.C. (2012) Increased intake of oily fish in pregnancy: effects on neonatal immune responses and on clinical outcomes in infants at 6 months. American Journal Clinical Nutrition, 95, (2), 395-404. (doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.022954 ). (PMID:22218160).
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Description/Abstract
Background: Long-chain n−3 PUFAs found in oily fish may have a role in lowering the risk of allergic disease.
Objective: The objective was to assess whether an increased intake of oily fish in pregnancy modifies neonatal immune responses and early markers of atopy.
Design: Women (n = 123) were randomly assigned to continue their habitual diet, which was low in oily fish, or to consume 2 portions of salmon per week (providing 3.45 g EPA plus DHA) from 20 wk gestation until delivery. In umbilical cord blood samples (n = 101), we measured n−3 fatty acids, IgE concentrations, and immunologic responses. Infants were clinically evaluated at age 6 mo (n = 86).
Results: Cord blood mononuclear cell (CBMC) production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and of IL-2 in response to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus allergen 1 (Derp1) was lower in the salmon group (all P ≤ 0.03). In the subgroup of CBMCs in which an allergic phenotype was confirmed in the mother or father, IL-10 production in response to Toll-like receptor 2, 3, and 4 agonists, ovalbumin, salmon parvalbumin, or Derp1 and prostaglandin E2 production in response to lipopolysaccharide or PHA was lower in the salmon group (all P ≤ 0.045). Total IgE at birth and total IgE, incidence and severity of atopic dermatitis, and skin-prick-test positivity at 6 mo of age were not different between the 2 groups.
Conclusion: Oily fish intervention in pregnancy modifies neonatal immune responses but may not affect markers of infant atopy assessed at 6 mo of age.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| ISSNs: | 0002-9165 (print) 1938-3207 (electronic) |
| Related URLs: | |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health Sciences |
| Item ID: | 336696 |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Apr 2012 10:33 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Apr 2012 10:33 |
| Contributors: | Noakes, P.S. (Author) Vlachava, M. (Author) Kremmyda, L.S. (Author) Diaper, N.D. (Author) Miles, E.A. (Author) Erlewyn-Lajeunesse, M. (Author) Williams, A.P. (Author) Godfrey, K.M. (Author) Calder, P.C. (Author) |
| Date: | February 2012 |
| Status: | Published |
| URI: | http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/336696 |
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