Relationship between sea level and climate forcing by CO2 on geological timescales
Relationship between sea level and climate forcing by CO2 on geological timescales
On 103- to 106-year timescales, global sea level is determined largely by the volume of ice stored on land, which in turn largely reflects the thermal state of the Earth system. Here we use observations from five well-studied time slices covering the last 40 My to identify a well-defined and clearly sigmoidal relationship between atmospheric CO2 and sea level on geological (near-equilibrium) timescales. This strongly supports the dominant role of CO2 in determining Earth’s climate on these timescales and suggests that other variables that influence long-term global climate (e.g., topography, ocean circulation) play a secondary role. The relationship between CO2 and sea level we describe portrays the “likely”
(68% probability) long-term sea-level response after Earth system adjustment over many centuries. Because it appears largely independent of other boundary condition changes, it also may provide useful long-range predictions of future sea level. For instance, with CO2 stabilized at 400–450 ppm (as required for the frequently quoted “acceptable warming” of 2 °C), or even at AD 2011 levels of 392 ppm, we infer a likely (68% confidence) long-term sea-level rise of more than 9 m above the present. Therefore, our results imply that to avoid significantly elevated sea level in the long term, atmospheric CO2 should be reduced to levels similar to those of preindustrial times.
1209-1214
Foster, G.L.
fbaa7255-7267-4443-a55e-e2a791213022
Rohling, E.J.
a2a27ef2-fcce-4c71-907b-e692b5ecc685
22 January 2013
Foster, G.L.
fbaa7255-7267-4443-a55e-e2a791213022
Rohling, E.J.
a2a27ef2-fcce-4c71-907b-e692b5ecc685
Foster, G.L. and Rohling, E.J.
(2013)
Relationship between sea level and climate forcing by CO2 on geological timescales.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110 (4), .
(doi:10.1073/pnas.1216073110).
Abstract
On 103- to 106-year timescales, global sea level is determined largely by the volume of ice stored on land, which in turn largely reflects the thermal state of the Earth system. Here we use observations from five well-studied time slices covering the last 40 My to identify a well-defined and clearly sigmoidal relationship between atmospheric CO2 and sea level on geological (near-equilibrium) timescales. This strongly supports the dominant role of CO2 in determining Earth’s climate on these timescales and suggests that other variables that influence long-term global climate (e.g., topography, ocean circulation) play a secondary role. The relationship between CO2 and sea level we describe portrays the “likely”
(68% probability) long-term sea-level response after Earth system adjustment over many centuries. Because it appears largely independent of other boundary condition changes, it also may provide useful long-range predictions of future sea level. For instance, with CO2 stabilized at 400–450 ppm (as required for the frequently quoted “acceptable warming” of 2 °C), or even at AD 2011 levels of 392 ppm, we infer a likely (68% confidence) long-term sea-level rise of more than 9 m above the present. Therefore, our results imply that to avoid significantly elevated sea level in the long term, atmospheric CO2 should be reduced to levels similar to those of preindustrial times.
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e-pub ahead of print date: 2012
Published date: 22 January 2013
Organisations:
Geochemistry, Paleooceanography & Palaeoclimate
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 346708
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/346708
ISSN: 0027-8424
PURE UUID: c4455ebb-f17a-4ade-81b5-8db28db795dc
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Date deposited: 07 Jan 2013 14:19
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:35
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