Deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy: a morphological study with anterior segment optical coherence tomography

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering mechanisms of deep sclerectomy (DS) with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Methods
In a prospective cross-sectional study, AS-OCT parameters were compared between DS, trabeculectomy and control cases. Association with IOP and success (IOP?16?mm?Hg without medication) was investigated.

Results
18 DS (15 patients), 17 trabeculectomy (16 patients) and 15 controls (15 patients) were examined. Successful had a taller intrascleral lake (IL) and thicker conjunctival/Tenon's layer (CTL) than non-successful cases (513.3 vs 361.1?µm, p=0.027 and 586.7 vs 251.1?µm, p<0.001, respectively). CTL thickness correlated with IOP (r=?0.6407, p=0.004). CTL thickness was significantly different between controls, DS and trabeculectomy (mean (SD): 203.3 (62.6) vs 418.9 (261.9) vs 604.1 (220.7)?µm, p<0.0001). Successful trabeculectomy cases had a taller bleb cavity (BC) than non-successful cases (607.5 vs 176.7?µm, p=0.041). CTL microcysts were detected in 50% of DS and 52.9% of trabeculectomy cases (p=1).

Conclusions
Trans-conjunctival aqueous percolation was identified as a novel DS drainage route. DS had a fluid reservoir below the scleral flap, the IL, in analogy to the trabeculectomy BC. A postoperative tall IL and a thick CTL were associated with good outcome.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Parwez Hossain: orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-2395

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