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Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of IODP Site U1396 and compiled chronology offshore of south and south west Montserrat, Lesser Antilles

Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of IODP Site U1396 and compiled chronology offshore of south and south west Montserrat, Lesser Antilles
Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of IODP Site U1396 and compiled chronology offshore of south and south west Montserrat, Lesser Antilles
Marine sediments around volcanic islands contain an archive of volcaniclastic deposits, which can be used to reconstruct the volcanic history of an area. Such records hold many advantages over often incomplete terrestrial data sets. This includes the potential for precise and continuous dating of intervening sediment packages, which allow a correlatable and temporally constrained stratigraphic framework to be constructed across multiple marine sediment cores. Here we discuss a marine record of eruptive and mass-wasting events spanning ?250 ka offshore of Montserrat, using new data from IODP Expedition 340, as well as previously collected cores. By using a combination of high-resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy, AMS radiocarbon dating, biostratigraphy of foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils, and clast componentry, we identify five major events at Soufriere Hills volcano since 250 ka. Lateral correlations of these events across sediment cores collected offshore of the south and south west of Montserrat have improved our understanding of the timing, extent and associations between events in this area. Correlations reveal that powerful and potentially erosive density-currents traveled at least 33 km offshore and demonstrate that marine deposits, produced by eruption-fed and mass-wasting events on volcanic islands, are heterogeneous in their spatial distribution. Thus, multiple drilling/coring sites are needed to reconstruct the full chronostratigraphy of volcanic islands. This multidisciplinary study will be vital to interpreting the chaotic records of submarine landslides at other sites drilled during Expedition 340 and provides a framework that can be applied to the stratigraphic analysis of sediments surrounding other volcanic islands.
IODP, stratigraphy, tephrochronology, submarine landslides, density-current, bottom water currents
1525-2027
3000-3020
Wall-Palmer, Deborah
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Coussens, Maya
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Talling, Peter J.
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Jutzeler, Martin
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Cassidy, Michael
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Marchant, Isabelle
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Palmer, Martin R.
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Watt, Sebastian F.L.
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Smart, Christopher W.
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Fisher, Jodie K.
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Hart, Malcolm B.
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Fraass, Andrew
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Trofimovs, Jessica
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Le Friant, Anne
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Ishizuka, Osamu
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Adachi, Tatsuya
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Aljahdali, Mohammed
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Boudon, Georges
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Breitkreuz, Christoph
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Endo, Daisuke
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Fujinawa, Akihiko
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Hatfield, Robert
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Hornbach, Matthew J.
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Kataoka, Kyoko
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Lafuerza, Sara
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Maeno, Fukashi
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Manga, Michael
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Martinez-Colon, Michael
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McCanta, Molly
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Morgan, Sally
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Saito, Takeshi
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Slagle, Angela L.
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Stinton, Adam J.
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Subramanyam, K.S.V.
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Tamura, Yoshihiko
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Villemant, Benoit
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Wang, Fei
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Wall-Palmer, Deborah
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Coussens, Maya
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Talling, Peter J.
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Jutzeler, Martin
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Cassidy, Michael
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Marchant, Isabelle
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Palmer, Martin R.
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Watt, Sebastian F.L.
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Smart, Christopher W.
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Fisher, Jodie K.
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Hart, Malcolm B.
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Fraass, Andrew
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Trofimovs, Jessica
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Le Friant, Anne
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Ishizuka, Osamu
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Adachi, Tatsuya
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Aljahdali, Mohammed
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Boudon, Georges
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Breitkreuz, Christoph
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Endo, Daisuke
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Fujinawa, Akihiko
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Hatfield, Robert
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Hornbach, Matthew J.
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Kataoka, Kyoko
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Lafuerza, Sara
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Maeno, Fukashi
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Manga, Michael
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Martinez-Colon, Michael
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McCanta, Molly
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Morgan, Sally
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Saito, Takeshi
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Slagle, Angela L.
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Stinton, Adam J.
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Subramanyam, K.S.V.
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Tamura, Yoshihiko
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Villemant, Benoit
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Wang, Fei
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Wall-Palmer, Deborah, Coussens, Maya, Talling, Peter J., Jutzeler, Martin, Cassidy, Michael, Marchant, Isabelle, Palmer, Martin R., Watt, Sebastian F.L., Smart, Christopher W., Fisher, Jodie K., Hart, Malcolm B., Fraass, Andrew, Trofimovs, Jessica, Le Friant, Anne, Ishizuka, Osamu, Adachi, Tatsuya, Aljahdali, Mohammed, Boudon, Georges, Breitkreuz, Christoph, Endo, Daisuke, Fujinawa, Akihiko, Hatfield, Robert, Hornbach, Matthew J., Kataoka, Kyoko, Lafuerza, Sara, Maeno, Fukashi, Manga, Michael, Martinez-Colon, Michael, McCanta, Molly, Morgan, Sally, Saito, Takeshi, Slagle, Angela L., Stinton, Adam J., Subramanyam, K.S.V., Tamura, Yoshihiko, Villemant, Benoit and Wang, Fei (2014) Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of IODP Site U1396 and compiled chronology offshore of south and south west Montserrat, Lesser Antilles. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15 (7), 3000-3020. (doi:10.1002/2014GC005402).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Marine sediments around volcanic islands contain an archive of volcaniclastic deposits, which can be used to reconstruct the volcanic history of an area. Such records hold many advantages over often incomplete terrestrial data sets. This includes the potential for precise and continuous dating of intervening sediment packages, which allow a correlatable and temporally constrained stratigraphic framework to be constructed across multiple marine sediment cores. Here we discuss a marine record of eruptive and mass-wasting events spanning ?250 ka offshore of Montserrat, using new data from IODP Expedition 340, as well as previously collected cores. By using a combination of high-resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy, AMS radiocarbon dating, biostratigraphy of foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils, and clast componentry, we identify five major events at Soufriere Hills volcano since 250 ka. Lateral correlations of these events across sediment cores collected offshore of the south and south west of Montserrat have improved our understanding of the timing, extent and associations between events in this area. Correlations reveal that powerful and potentially erosive density-currents traveled at least 33 km offshore and demonstrate that marine deposits, produced by eruption-fed and mass-wasting events on volcanic islands, are heterogeneous in their spatial distribution. Thus, multiple drilling/coring sites are needed to reconstruct the full chronostratigraphy of volcanic islands. This multidisciplinary study will be vital to interpreting the chaotic records of submarine landslides at other sites drilled during Expedition 340 and provides a framework that can be applied to the stratigraphic analysis of sediments surrounding other volcanic islands.

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e-pub ahead of print date: 2014
Published date: July 2014
Keywords: IODP, stratigraphy, tephrochronology, submarine landslides, density-current, bottom water currents
Organisations: Geochemistry, Marine Geoscience, Paleooceanography & Palaeoclimate

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 367413
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/367413
ISSN: 1525-2027
PURE UUID: 3ee9f8c3-69c3-4287-b6e3-baa0de82e8bd

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Date deposited: 29 Jul 2014 14:41
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 17:29

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Contributors

Author: Deborah Wall-Palmer
Author: Maya Coussens
Author: Peter J. Talling
Author: Martin Jutzeler
Author: Michael Cassidy
Author: Isabelle Marchant
Author: Sebastian F.L. Watt
Author: Christopher W. Smart
Author: Jodie K. Fisher
Author: Malcolm B. Hart
Author: Andrew Fraass
Author: Jessica Trofimovs
Author: Anne Le Friant
Author: Osamu Ishizuka
Author: Tatsuya Adachi
Author: Mohammed Aljahdali
Author: Georges Boudon
Author: Christoph Breitkreuz
Author: Daisuke Endo
Author: Akihiko Fujinawa
Author: Robert Hatfield
Author: Matthew J. Hornbach
Author: Kyoko Kataoka
Author: Sara Lafuerza
Author: Fukashi Maeno
Author: Michael Manga
Author: Michael Martinez-Colon
Author: Molly McCanta
Author: Sally Morgan
Author: Takeshi Saito
Author: Angela L. Slagle
Author: Adam J. Stinton
Author: K.S.V. Subramanyam
Author: Yoshihiko Tamura
Author: Benoit Villemant
Author: Fei Wang

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