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Uppermost mantle velocity from Pn tomography in the Gulf of Aden

Uppermost mantle velocity from Pn tomography in the Gulf of Aden
Uppermost mantle velocity from Pn tomography in the Gulf of Aden
We determine the lateral variations in seismic velocity of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Gulf of Aden and its margins by inversion of Pn (upper mantle high-frequency compressional P wave) traveltimes. Data for this study were collected by several temporary seismic networks and from the global catalogue. A least-squares tomographic algorithm is used to solve for velocity variations in the mantle lithosphere. In order to separate shallow and deeper structures, we use separate inversions for shorter and longer ray path data. High Pn velocities (8.2–8.4 km/s) are observed in the uppermost mantle beneath Yemen that may be related to the presence of magmatic underplating of the volcanic margins of Aden and the Red Sea. Zones of low velocity (7.7 km/s) are present in the shallow upper mantle beneath Sana’a, Aden, Afar, and along the Gulf of Aden that are likely related to melt transport through the lithosphere feeding active volcanism. Deeper within the upper mantle, beneath the Oman margin, a low-velocity zone (7.8 km/s) suggests a deep zone of melt accumulation. Our results provide evidence that the asthenosphere undergoes channelized flow from the Afar hotspot toward the east along the Aden and Sheba Ridges.
1553-040X
958-968
Corbeau, J.
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Rolandone, F.
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Leroy, S.
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Al-Lazki, A.
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Stork, A.
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Keir, D.
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Stuart, G.W.
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Hammond, J.O.S.
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Doubre, C.
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Vergne, J.
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Ahmed, A.
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Khanbari, K.
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Corbeau, J.
cc05fec7-4080-4c40-8ba8-f09bd58c35e7
Rolandone, F.
40fb5457-7502-4c51-b170-b47b9cbcdd91
Leroy, S.
627c503b-1036-41fc-a24c-3d09954fab0a
Al-Lazki, A.
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Stork, A.
9c2beb86-fffc-4010-9e9f-4ffddfdd95b6
Keir, D.
5616f81f-bf1b-4678-a167-3160b5647c65
Stuart, G.W.
42655128-f55d-42a7-afd8-7a2fca1c01a3
Hammond, J.O.S.
df081c77-2e69-4753-8846-549826d905bb
Doubre, C.
88889cf7-e5ad-4a6c-8361-6934b8c83a18
Vergne, J.
076198e4-be7d-43d7-8de8-28c3669e41cb
Ahmed, A.
29a81242-835e-4661-bffd-3831f02ee2b6
Khanbari, K.
3b7e33b9-bb14-49e4-aa0e-e9cfe7c544d1

Corbeau, J., Rolandone, F., Leroy, S., Al-Lazki, A., Stork, A., Keir, D., Stuart, G.W., Hammond, J.O.S., Doubre, C., Vergne, J., Ahmed, A. and Khanbari, K. (2014) Uppermost mantle velocity from Pn tomography in the Gulf of Aden. Geosphere, 10 (5), 958-968. (doi:10.1130/GES01052.1).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We determine the lateral variations in seismic velocity of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Gulf of Aden and its margins by inversion of Pn (upper mantle high-frequency compressional P wave) traveltimes. Data for this study were collected by several temporary seismic networks and from the global catalogue. A least-squares tomographic algorithm is used to solve for velocity variations in the mantle lithosphere. In order to separate shallow and deeper structures, we use separate inversions for shorter and longer ray path data. High Pn velocities (8.2–8.4 km/s) are observed in the uppermost mantle beneath Yemen that may be related to the presence of magmatic underplating of the volcanic margins of Aden and the Red Sea. Zones of low velocity (7.7 km/s) are present in the shallow upper mantle beneath Sana’a, Aden, Afar, and along the Gulf of Aden that are likely related to melt transport through the lithosphere feeding active volcanism. Deeper within the upper mantle, beneath the Oman margin, a low-velocity zone (7.8 km/s) suggests a deep zone of melt accumulation. Our results provide evidence that the asthenosphere undergoes channelized flow from the Afar hotspot toward the east along the Aden and Sheba Ridges.

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Published date: October 2014
Organisations: Geology & Geophysics

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 369600
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/369600
ISSN: 1553-040X
PURE UUID: 046de20d-cf12-49d4-af7d-c23059540dc0
ORCID for D. Keir: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-8446

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Date deposited: 03 Oct 2014 10:27
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:38

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Contributors

Author: J. Corbeau
Author: F. Rolandone
Author: S. Leroy
Author: A. Al-Lazki
Author: A. Stork
Author: D. Keir ORCID iD
Author: G.W. Stuart
Author: J.O.S. Hammond
Author: C. Doubre
Author: J. Vergne
Author: A. Ahmed
Author: K. Khanbari

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