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Interferometers and spectrographs on silicon-platform for astrophysics: trends of astrophotonics

Interferometers and spectrographs on silicon-platform for astrophysics: trends of astrophotonics
Interferometers and spectrographs on silicon-platform for astrophysics: trends of astrophotonics
We present results of comprehensive re-design of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based integrated photonic spectrograph (IPS), using Silica-on-Silicon (SOS) technology, to tailor specific performance parameters of interest to high-resolution (resolving power, R = λ/Δλ = 60,000) exoplanet astronomy and stellar seismology. The compactness, modularity, stability, replicability and small-lightweight-payload of the IPS are a few promising and innovative features in the design of high-resolution spectrographs for astronomy or other areas of sciences. The IPS is designed to resolve up to 646 spectral lines per spectral order, with a wavelength spacing of 25 pm, at a central wavelength of 1630 nm (Hband). The fabricated test waveguides have been stress engineered in order to compensate the inherent birefringence of SOS waveguides. The birefringence values of fabricated test structures were quantified, to be on the order 10-6 (theoretical value required to avoid the formation of ghost-images), through inscription of Bragg-gratings on straight waveguides and subsequent measurement of Bragg-reflection spectra. An interferometer system has been integrated with the SOS-IPS (in the same chip) for the characterization of phase errors of the waveguide array. Moreover, promising results of first fabricated key photonics components to form other complex integrated photonic circuits (IPCs), such as astro-interferometers, using silicon nitride-on-insulator (SNOI) technology are also presented. The fabricated IPCs include multimode interference based devices (power splitter/combiners, optical cross/bar-switches), directional-couplers with varying power ratios, Mach-Zehnder interferometers and an AWG. The first results of annealed, low-hydrogen SNOI based devices are promising and comparable to SOI and commercial devices, with device excess-loss less than 2 dB and under 1 dB/cm waveguide-loss in the IR-wavelength.
Harendra, N.
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Fernando, J.
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Stoll, A.
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Cvetojevic, N.
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Eisemann, R.
becd7f9d-5f3f-45d3-b915-84d249803bef
Tharanga, N.
cd22514e-3f14-4fcc-ae9d-38d3be614a66
Holmes, C.
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Bohm, M.
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Roth, M.M.
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Haynes, R.
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Zimmermann, L.
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Harendra, N.
10916387-c92d-42e7-93cb-8de515a154c3
Fernando, J.
dc21cb46-5628-4bed-8a92-37012beddd44
Stoll, A.
234dc4ce-f887-4258-bf86-8171e0160c83
Cvetojevic, N.
32ff9090-4810-467f-ae08-a16bfa26661d
Eisemann, R.
becd7f9d-5f3f-45d3-b915-84d249803bef
Tharanga, N.
cd22514e-3f14-4fcc-ae9d-38d3be614a66
Holmes, C.
16306bb8-8a46-4fd7-bb19-a146758e5263
Bohm, M.
c545d83a-be6b-4e95-871c-33747aaabc31
Roth, M.M.
b94dd599-0454-4e47-8adb-7705c0c598c9
Haynes, R.
dbe59b13-daec-4a23-9a68-d1dad7d93639
Zimmermann, L.
b97dc0ea-9d50-4d0b-b6f0-30913e3a1669

Harendra, N., Fernando, J., Stoll, A., Cvetojevic, N., Eisemann, R., Tharanga, N., Holmes, C., Bohm, M., Roth, M.M., Haynes, R. and Zimmermann, L. (2014) Interferometers and spectrographs on silicon-platform for astrophysics: trends of astrophotonics. Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation, Canada. 27 Jul 2014.

Record type: Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)

Abstract

We present results of comprehensive re-design of an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)-based integrated photonic spectrograph (IPS), using Silica-on-Silicon (SOS) technology, to tailor specific performance parameters of interest to high-resolution (resolving power, R = λ/Δλ = 60,000) exoplanet astronomy and stellar seismology. The compactness, modularity, stability, replicability and small-lightweight-payload of the IPS are a few promising and innovative features in the design of high-resolution spectrographs for astronomy or other areas of sciences. The IPS is designed to resolve up to 646 spectral lines per spectral order, with a wavelength spacing of 25 pm, at a central wavelength of 1630 nm (Hband). The fabricated test waveguides have been stress engineered in order to compensate the inherent birefringence of SOS waveguides. The birefringence values of fabricated test structures were quantified, to be on the order 10-6 (theoretical value required to avoid the formation of ghost-images), through inscription of Bragg-gratings on straight waveguides and subsequent measurement of Bragg-reflection spectra. An interferometer system has been integrated with the SOS-IPS (in the same chip) for the characterization of phase errors of the waveguide array. Moreover, promising results of first fabricated key photonics components to form other complex integrated photonic circuits (IPCs), such as astro-interferometers, using silicon nitride-on-insulator (SNOI) technology are also presented. The fabricated IPCs include multimode interference based devices (power splitter/combiners, optical cross/bar-switches), directional-couplers with varying power ratios, Mach-Zehnder interferometers and an AWG. The first results of annealed, low-hydrogen SNOI based devices are promising and comparable to SOI and commercial devices, with device excess-loss less than 2 dB and under 1 dB/cm waveguide-loss in the IR-wavelength.

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More information

e-pub ahead of print date: 28 July 2014
Additional Information: 9151
Venue - Dates: Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation, Canada, 2014-07-27 - 2014-07-27
Organisations: Optoelectronics Research Centre

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 369633
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/369633
PURE UUID: 99543c0b-8498-4faa-80c3-24fca974847b
ORCID for C. Holmes: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9021-3760

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 14 Oct 2014 10:38
Last modified: 09 Jan 2022 03:23

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Contributors

Author: N. Harendra
Author: J. Fernando
Author: A. Stoll
Author: N. Cvetojevic
Author: R. Eisemann
Author: N. Tharanga
Author: C. Holmes ORCID iD
Author: M. Bohm
Author: M.M. Roth
Author: R. Haynes
Author: L. Zimmermann

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