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Spatiotemporal pattern of hand-foot-mouth disease in China: an analysis of empirical orthogonal functions

Spatiotemporal pattern of hand-foot-mouth disease in China: an analysis of empirical orthogonal functions
Spatiotemporal pattern of hand-foot-mouth disease in China: an analysis of empirical orthogonal functions
OBJECTIVES:
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is the most common infectious disease in China. Spatial and temporal patterns of HFMD in China provide valuable information on the relationship between HFMD and the geographical environment, and help in the prediction of HFMD transmission.

STUDY DESIGN:
Cross-sectional study.

METHODS:
Total HFMD morbidity per 10 days from May 2008 to March 2009 was recorded in 1966 counties in China. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis was used to obtain spatial and temporal patterns of HFMD.

RESULTS:
The first five modes of HFMD morbidity explained 84.24% of the total variance. The dominant mode (first mode showing the highest variance) showed high HFMD morbidity in the western counties of Bohai Bay, the mid-south of China, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and the areas bordering Vietnam from early May to late July 2008. The second mode showed high HFMD morbidity in the western counties of Bohai Bay, the north-east of China, north of Xinjiang and the Yangtze River delta from late May to the middle of August 2008. The third mode showed high HFMD morbidity in the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and the middle of the Huaihe River basin in early May 2008.

CONCLUSIONS:
EOF analysis of HFMD morbidity shows the main spatiotemporal patterns and can explain variance in HFMD in China.
empirical orthogonal function, hand-foot-mouth disease, spatial pattern, temporal score
367-375
Shi, R.X.
0732ab48-ab21-4a44-9c8d-e2bde58974a2
Wang, J.F.
893d488c-e9f7-4f1d-bf88-cb463944835c
Xu, C.D.
1f2c6842-0076-4236-a19e-2f4e4e4799e0
Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Yang, W.Z.
3bb1383d-1267-428b-ad8a-e7335203c892
Shi, R.X.
0732ab48-ab21-4a44-9c8d-e2bde58974a2
Wang, J.F.
893d488c-e9f7-4f1d-bf88-cb463944835c
Xu, C.D.
1f2c6842-0076-4236-a19e-2f4e4e4799e0
Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Yang, W.Z.
3bb1383d-1267-428b-ad8a-e7335203c892

Shi, R.X., Wang, J.F., Xu, C.D., Lai, Shengjie and Yang, W.Z. (2014) Spatiotemporal pattern of hand-foot-mouth disease in China: an analysis of empirical orthogonal functions. Public Health, 128 (4), 367-375. (doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.01.005). (PMID:24726412)

Record type: Article

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is the most common infectious disease in China. Spatial and temporal patterns of HFMD in China provide valuable information on the relationship between HFMD and the geographical environment, and help in the prediction of HFMD transmission.

STUDY DESIGN:
Cross-sectional study.

METHODS:
Total HFMD morbidity per 10 days from May 2008 to March 2009 was recorded in 1966 counties in China. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis was used to obtain spatial and temporal patterns of HFMD.

RESULTS:
The first five modes of HFMD morbidity explained 84.24% of the total variance. The dominant mode (first mode showing the highest variance) showed high HFMD morbidity in the western counties of Bohai Bay, the mid-south of China, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and the areas bordering Vietnam from early May to late July 2008. The second mode showed high HFMD morbidity in the western counties of Bohai Bay, the north-east of China, north of Xinjiang and the Yangtze River delta from late May to the middle of August 2008. The third mode showed high HFMD morbidity in the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and the middle of the Huaihe River basin in early May 2008.

CONCLUSIONS:
EOF analysis of HFMD morbidity shows the main spatiotemporal patterns and can explain variance in HFMD in China.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 10 January 2014
Published date: April 2014
Keywords: empirical orthogonal function, hand-foot-mouth disease, spatial pattern, temporal score
Organisations: WorldPop, Population, Health & Wellbeing (PHeW)

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 373609
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/373609
PURE UUID: 0bf52a43-1449-4bdd-9c16-42e962a34d26
ORCID for Shengjie Lai: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-8148

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 26 Jan 2015 13:27
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 04:02

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Contributors

Author: R.X. Shi
Author: J.F. Wang
Author: C.D. Xu
Author: Shengjie Lai ORCID iD
Author: W.Z. Yang

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