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Fish oil decreases heptatic lipogenic genes in rats fasted and refed on a high fructose diet

Fish oil decreases heptatic lipogenic genes in rats fasted and refed on a high fructose diet
Fish oil decreases heptatic lipogenic genes in rats fasted and refed on a high fructose diet
Fasting and then refeeding on a high-carbohydrate diet increases serum and hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations compared to standard diets. Fructose is a lipogenic monosaccharide which stimulates de novo fatty acid synthesis. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids stimulate hepatic ?-oxidation, partitioning fatty acids away from TAG synthesis. This study investigated whether dietary n-3 fatty acids from fish oil (FO) improve the hepatic lipid metabolic response seen in rats fasted and then refed on a high-fructose diet. During the post-prandial (fed) period, rats fed a FO rich diet showed an increase in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR-?) gene expression and decreased expression of carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP). Feeding a FO rich diet for 7 days prior to 48 h of fasting resulted in lower hepatic TAG, lower PPAR-? expression and maintenance of hepatic n-3 fatty acid content. Refeeding on a high fructose diet promoted an increase in hepatic and serum TAG and in hepatic PPAR-?, ChREBP and MTTP expression. FO did not prevent the increase in serum and hepatic TAG after fructose refeeding, but did decrease hepatic expression of lipogenic genes and increased the n-3 fatty acid content of the liver. n-3 Fatty acids can modify some components of the hepatic lipid metabolic response to later feeding with a high fructose diet.
fish oil, omega-3, fructose, fasting, refeeding, liver
1644-1656
De Castro, G.S.
33a6f832-af11-4b0a-8dd6-9b69e66b6434
Cardoso, J.F.R.
3d27c96c-03a4-4ec8-a85a-a59114cc3808
Calder, P.C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Jordao, A.A.
9b88657b-6f3e-43a4-b168-37ada40f185b
Vannucchi, H.
9b8ff52d-feb3-4d65-9bc8-4d829c8b880c
De Castro, G.S.
33a6f832-af11-4b0a-8dd6-9b69e66b6434
Cardoso, J.F.R.
3d27c96c-03a4-4ec8-a85a-a59114cc3808
Calder, P.C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Jordao, A.A.
9b88657b-6f3e-43a4-b168-37ada40f185b
Vannucchi, H.
9b8ff52d-feb3-4d65-9bc8-4d829c8b880c

De Castro, G.S., Cardoso, J.F.R., Calder, P.C., Jordao, A.A. and Vannucchi, H. (2015) Fish oil decreases heptatic lipogenic genes in rats fasted and refed on a high fructose diet. Nutrients, 7 (3), 1644-1656. (doi:10.3390/nu7031644). (PMID:25751821)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Fasting and then refeeding on a high-carbohydrate diet increases serum and hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations compared to standard diets. Fructose is a lipogenic monosaccharide which stimulates de novo fatty acid synthesis. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids stimulate hepatic ?-oxidation, partitioning fatty acids away from TAG synthesis. This study investigated whether dietary n-3 fatty acids from fish oil (FO) improve the hepatic lipid metabolic response seen in rats fasted and then refed on a high-fructose diet. During the post-prandial (fed) period, rats fed a FO rich diet showed an increase in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR-?) gene expression and decreased expression of carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP). Feeding a FO rich diet for 7 days prior to 48 h of fasting resulted in lower hepatic TAG, lower PPAR-? expression and maintenance of hepatic n-3 fatty acid content. Refeeding on a high fructose diet promoted an increase in hepatic and serum TAG and in hepatic PPAR-?, ChREBP and MTTP expression. FO did not prevent the increase in serum and hepatic TAG after fructose refeeding, but did decrease hepatic expression of lipogenic genes and increased the n-3 fatty acid content of the liver. n-3 Fatty acids can modify some components of the hepatic lipid metabolic response to later feeding with a high fructose diet.

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Accepted/In Press date: 2 March 2015
Published date: 5 March 2015
Keywords: fish oil, omega-3, fructose, fasting, refeeding, liver
Organisations: Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 375580
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/375580
PURE UUID: c6f2c8f6-85d9-45f9-990e-a52af738e864
ORCID for P.C. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

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Date deposited: 31 Mar 2015 13:19
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 02:50

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Contributors

Author: G.S. De Castro
Author: J.F.R. Cardoso
Author: P.C. Calder ORCID iD
Author: A.A. Jordao
Author: H. Vannucchi

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