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In vivo foveal development using optical coherence tomography

In vivo foveal development using optical coherence tomography
In vivo foveal development using optical coherence tomography
Purpose: To characterize the time course of normal foveal development in vivo in term infants and young children using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SDOCT).

Methods: We obtained 534 HH-SDOCT scans from 261 infants, children, and young adults with a mean age of 4.9 years (range, 0-27 years). Each retinal layer was manually segmented in ImageJ and correlated with gestational age (GA) and visual acuity (VA). The developmental trajectories of each retinal layer at the fovea, parafovea, and perifovea were calculated using fractional polynomial modeling.

Results: The central macular thickness (CMT) increases logarithmically between birth and 48.6 months GA. The foveal ganglion cell (GCL), inner plexiform, inner nuclear (INL), and outer plexiform layers decrease in thickness exponentially until 18 months GA. Interestingly, the parafoveal and perifoveal GCL and INL thicknesses initially decrease until 17 months GA and then increase in thickness until 65.5 GA. The foveal outer nuclear layer, inner segment, and outer segment of the photoreceptors increase in thickness logarithmically until 32.4, 26.9, and 45.3 months GA, respectively. The parafoveal and perifoveal outer retinal layers increase in thickness more gradually until 146 months GA. The thickness of the outer retinal layers and CMT were strongly correlated with VA, with r = 0.54 (P < 0.0001) and r = 0.52 (P < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions: We have modeled for the first time the complex, nonlinear developmental trajectories for each retinal layer and demonstrate that development continues until adolescence. Our description of normal development will be helpful in diagnosing, monitoring, and understanding pediatric retinal disease.
0146-0404
4537-4545
Lee, Helena
5d36fd1e-9334-4db5-b201-034d147133fb
Purohit, Ravi
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Patel, Aarti
53613222-d7d9-4fd6-a235-06f86ead7377
Papageorgiou, Eleni
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Sheth, Viral
ae17ad77-8a2d-4ae0-8347-63de81012abd
Maconachie, Gail
5653f342-04a5-486d-a716-9fae85472eee
Pilat, Anastasia
ead62fce-bd07-4f74-b933-aa52d92cc703
McLean, Rebecca J.
f8f5713c-09a7-4715-b8f7-f1d7b76a24c5
Proudlock, Frank A.
8723b327-c834-4884-a343-f2821a17eedb
Gottlob, Irene
4fae5bb9-2189-4eb2-ac59-fb6b57d7474f
Lee, Helena
5d36fd1e-9334-4db5-b201-034d147133fb
Purohit, Ravi
9a8cd008-c6f5-4927-a0cd-09244e54883d
Patel, Aarti
53613222-d7d9-4fd6-a235-06f86ead7377
Papageorgiou, Eleni
84f63f0a-6f75-4b0f-9c76-2043aceb9609
Sheth, Viral
ae17ad77-8a2d-4ae0-8347-63de81012abd
Maconachie, Gail
5653f342-04a5-486d-a716-9fae85472eee
Pilat, Anastasia
ead62fce-bd07-4f74-b933-aa52d92cc703
McLean, Rebecca J.
f8f5713c-09a7-4715-b8f7-f1d7b76a24c5
Proudlock, Frank A.
8723b327-c834-4884-a343-f2821a17eedb
Gottlob, Irene
4fae5bb9-2189-4eb2-ac59-fb6b57d7474f

Lee, Helena, Purohit, Ravi, Patel, Aarti, Papageorgiou, Eleni, Sheth, Viral, Maconachie, Gail, Pilat, Anastasia, McLean, Rebecca J., Proudlock, Frank A. and Gottlob, Irene (2015) In vivo foveal development using optical coherence tomography. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 56 (8), 4537-4545. (doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16542). (PMID:26200492)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Purpose: To characterize the time course of normal foveal development in vivo in term infants and young children using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (HH-SDOCT).

Methods: We obtained 534 HH-SDOCT scans from 261 infants, children, and young adults with a mean age of 4.9 years (range, 0-27 years). Each retinal layer was manually segmented in ImageJ and correlated with gestational age (GA) and visual acuity (VA). The developmental trajectories of each retinal layer at the fovea, parafovea, and perifovea were calculated using fractional polynomial modeling.

Results: The central macular thickness (CMT) increases logarithmically between birth and 48.6 months GA. The foveal ganglion cell (GCL), inner plexiform, inner nuclear (INL), and outer plexiform layers decrease in thickness exponentially until 18 months GA. Interestingly, the parafoveal and perifoveal GCL and INL thicknesses initially decrease until 17 months GA and then increase in thickness until 65.5 GA. The foveal outer nuclear layer, inner segment, and outer segment of the photoreceptors increase in thickness logarithmically until 32.4, 26.9, and 45.3 months GA, respectively. The parafoveal and perifoveal outer retinal layers increase in thickness more gradually until 146 months GA. The thickness of the outer retinal layers and CMT were strongly correlated with VA, with r = 0.54 (P < 0.0001) and r = 0.52 (P < 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusions: We have modeled for the first time the complex, nonlinear developmental trajectories for each retinal layer and demonstrate that development continues until adolescence. Our description of normal development will be helpful in diagnosing, monitoring, and understanding pediatric retinal disease.

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Accepted/In Press date: 3 May 2015
e-pub ahead of print date: 1 July 2015
Published date: 1 July 2015
Organisations: Clinical & Experimental Sciences

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 379635
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/379635
ISSN: 0146-0404
PURE UUID: 26edada6-de43-4d49-b98d-4e1130fbf54a
ORCID for Helena Lee: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-2573-9536

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Date deposited: 14 Aug 2015 15:50
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:52

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Contributors

Author: Helena Lee ORCID iD
Author: Ravi Purohit
Author: Aarti Patel
Author: Eleni Papageorgiou
Author: Viral Sheth
Author: Gail Maconachie
Author: Anastasia Pilat
Author: Rebecca J. McLean
Author: Frank A. Proudlock
Author: Irene Gottlob

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