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Clamping effect on the piezoelectric responses of screen-printed low temperature PZT/Polymer films on flexible substrates

Clamping effect on the piezoelectric responses of screen-printed low temperature PZT/Polymer films on flexible substrates
Clamping effect on the piezoelectric responses of screen-printed low temperature PZT/Polymer films on flexible substrates
This paper introduces a new flexible lead zirconate titanate (PZT)/polymer composite material that can be screen-printed onto fabrics and flexible substrates, and investigates the clamping effect of these substrates on the characterization of the piezoelectric material. Experimental results showed that the optimum blend of PZT/polymer binder with a weight ratio of 12:1 provides a dielectric constant of 146. The measured value of the piezoelectric coefficient d33 was found to depend on the substrate used. Measured d33clp values of 70, 40, 36 pC N−1 were obtained from the optimum formulation printed on Polyester–cotton with an interface layer, Kapton and alumina substrates, respectively. The variation in the measured d33clp values occurs because of the effect of the mechanical boundary conditions of the substrate. The piezoelectric film is mechanically bonded to the surface of the substrate and this constrains the film in the plane of the substrate (the 1-direction). This constraint means that the perpendicular forces (applied in the 3-direction) used to measure d33 introduce a strain in the 1-direction that produces a charge of the opposite polarity to that induced by the d33 effect. This is due to the negative sign of the d31 coefficient and has the effect of reducing the measured d33 value. Theoretical and experimental investigations confirm a reduction of 13%, 50% and 55% in the estimated freestanding d33fs values (80 pC N−1) on Polyester–cotton, Kapton and alumina substrates, respectively. These results demonstrate the effect of the boundary conditions of the substrate/PZT interface on the piezoelectric response of the PZT/polymer film and in particular the reduced effect of fabric substrates due to their lowered stiffness.
flexible substrates, fabrics, e-textiles, piezoelectric composites, polymers, energy harvesting, clamping
1-8
Almusallam, A.
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Yang, K.
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Zhu, Dibin
3f787498-e788-4b49-b07c-c9b675e55cfa
Torah, R.N.
7147b47b-db01-4124-95dc-90d6a9842688
Komolafe, A.
2ad52b33-af35-4281-924f-12001b697fbc
Tudor, J.
46eea408-2246-4aa0-8b44-86169ed601ff
Beeby, S.P.
ba565001-2812-4300-89f1-fe5a437ecb0d
Almusallam, A.
26fd0681-6153-4512-aa45-2b55e7ab2e82
Yang, K.
f1c9b81d-e821-47eb-a69e-b3bc419de9c7
Zhu, Dibin
3f787498-e788-4b49-b07c-c9b675e55cfa
Torah, R.N.
7147b47b-db01-4124-95dc-90d6a9842688
Komolafe, A.
2ad52b33-af35-4281-924f-12001b697fbc
Tudor, J.
46eea408-2246-4aa0-8b44-86169ed601ff
Beeby, S.P.
ba565001-2812-4300-89f1-fe5a437ecb0d

Almusallam, A., Yang, K., Zhu, Dibin, Torah, R.N., Komolafe, A., Tudor, J. and Beeby, S.P. (2015) Clamping effect on the piezoelectric responses of screen-printed low temperature PZT/Polymer films on flexible substrates. Smart Materials and Structures, 24 (11), 1-8, [115030]. (doi:10.1088/0964-1726/24/11/115030).

Record type: Article

Abstract

This paper introduces a new flexible lead zirconate titanate (PZT)/polymer composite material that can be screen-printed onto fabrics and flexible substrates, and investigates the clamping effect of these substrates on the characterization of the piezoelectric material. Experimental results showed that the optimum blend of PZT/polymer binder with a weight ratio of 12:1 provides a dielectric constant of 146. The measured value of the piezoelectric coefficient d33 was found to depend on the substrate used. Measured d33clp values of 70, 40, 36 pC N−1 were obtained from the optimum formulation printed on Polyester–cotton with an interface layer, Kapton and alumina substrates, respectively. The variation in the measured d33clp values occurs because of the effect of the mechanical boundary conditions of the substrate. The piezoelectric film is mechanically bonded to the surface of the substrate and this constrains the film in the plane of the substrate (the 1-direction). This constraint means that the perpendicular forces (applied in the 3-direction) used to measure d33 introduce a strain in the 1-direction that produces a charge of the opposite polarity to that induced by the d33 effect. This is due to the negative sign of the d31 coefficient and has the effect of reducing the measured d33 value. Theoretical and experimental investigations confirm a reduction of 13%, 50% and 55% in the estimated freestanding d33fs values (80 pC N−1) on Polyester–cotton, Kapton and alumina substrates, respectively. These results demonstrate the effect of the boundary conditions of the substrate/PZT interface on the piezoelectric response of the PZT/polymer film and in particular the reduced effect of fabric substrates due to their lowered stiffness.

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Accepted/In Press date: 24 August 2015
Published date: 22 October 2015
Keywords: flexible substrates, fabrics, e-textiles, piezoelectric composites, polymers, energy harvesting, clamping
Organisations: EEE

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 384255
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/384255
PURE UUID: fc12d993-e330-4a7b-8801-4a5c34437080
ORCID for K. Yang: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-3911
ORCID for R.N. Torah: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5598-2860
ORCID for J. Tudor: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-1179-9455
ORCID for S.P. Beeby: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-0800-1759

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Date deposited: 21 Dec 2015 10:45
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:35

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Contributors

Author: A. Almusallam
Author: K. Yang ORCID iD
Author: Dibin Zhu
Author: R.N. Torah ORCID iD
Author: A. Komolafe
Author: J. Tudor ORCID iD
Author: S.P. Beeby ORCID iD

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