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Impairment of lysophospholipid metabolism in obesity: altered plasma profile and desensitization to the modulatory properties of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a randomized controlled trial

Impairment of lysophospholipid metabolism in obesity: altered plasma profile and desensitization to the modulatory properties of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a randomized controlled trial
Impairment of lysophospholipid metabolism in obesity: altered plasma profile and desensitization to the modulatory properties of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a randomized controlled trial
Background: Plasma lysophospholipids have emerged as signaling molecules with important effects on inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease, each of which is linked closely to obesity. Dietary n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be able to improve these conditions.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the response of plasma lysophospholipids to obesity, n-3 PUFA consumption, and a high-fat meal challenge to better understand the role of lysophospholipid metabolism in the progression of obesity-related disorders.
Design: We determined the concentrations of 8 lysophosphatidylcholines, 11 lysophosphatidylethanolamines, and 7 lysophosphatidylinositols in the plasma of 34 normal-weight and 38 obese subjects randomly assigned to consume corn oil (control) or n-3 PUFA-rich fish oil (3 g/d; n = 15-19/group) for 90 d. Blood samples were collected on the last day of the study under fasting conditions and 6 h after a high-fat meal (1135 kcal, 86 g fat) challenge. The profile of secreted lysophospholipids was studied in HepG2 cells under palmitate-induced steatosis.
Results: Obese and normal-weight subjects had different profiles of plasma lysophospholipids. A multivariate combination of the 26 lysophospholipids could discriminate between normal-weight and obese subjects with an accuracy of 98%. The high-fat meal challenge altered the concentration of plasma lysophosphatidylcholines in an oil treatment-dependent manner in normal-weight but not obese subjects, suggesting that obesity impairs the sensitivity of lysophospholipid metabolism to n-3 PUFAs. Noncytotoxic steatosis in HepG2 cells affected the secretion pattern of lysophospholipids, partially resembling the changes observed in the plasma of obese subjects.
Conclusions: Obesity has a substantial impact on lysophospholipid metabolism, altering the plasma lysophospholipid profile and abolishing its sensitivity to dietary n-3 PUFAs. These effects could contribute to the onset or progression of alterations associated with obesity, such as inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease.
0002-9165
266-279
del Bas, Josep M.
30bdaf4b-2ef5-4d62-86ec-57b556a9a152
Caimari, Antoni
f251d404-c75e-434b-8566-d8a8ef711d00
Rodriguez-Naranjo, Maria Isabel
83852d3c-943e-4622-bbde-f92084c60132
Childs, Caroline E.
ea17ccc1-2eac-4f67-96c7-a0c4d9dfd9c5
Paras Chavez, Carolina
0f7aafea-1072-4f66-a3cd-59e0ee16716d
West, Annette L.
e8dacc1a-5fdc-4a4f-92d8-608f2ea2994c
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Arola, 4 Lluis
71f96c83-a856-439b-b0d2-d26b05d6797b
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
del Bas, Josep M.
30bdaf4b-2ef5-4d62-86ec-57b556a9a152
Caimari, Antoni
f251d404-c75e-434b-8566-d8a8ef711d00
Rodriguez-Naranjo, Maria Isabel
83852d3c-943e-4622-bbde-f92084c60132
Childs, Caroline E.
ea17ccc1-2eac-4f67-96c7-a0c4d9dfd9c5
Paras Chavez, Carolina
0f7aafea-1072-4f66-a3cd-59e0ee16716d
West, Annette L.
e8dacc1a-5fdc-4a4f-92d8-608f2ea2994c
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Arola, 4 Lluis
71f96c83-a856-439b-b0d2-d26b05d6797b
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6

del Bas, Josep M., Caimari, Antoni, Rodriguez-Naranjo, Maria Isabel, Childs, Caroline E., Paras Chavez, Carolina, West, Annette L., Miles, Elizabeth A., Arola, 4 Lluis and Calder, Philip C. (2016) Impairment of lysophospholipid metabolism in obesity: altered plasma profile and desensitization to the modulatory properties of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104 (2), 266-279. (doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.130872). (PMID:27305954)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: Plasma lysophospholipids have emerged as signaling molecules with important effects on inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease, each of which is linked closely to obesity. Dietary n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may be able to improve these conditions.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the response of plasma lysophospholipids to obesity, n-3 PUFA consumption, and a high-fat meal challenge to better understand the role of lysophospholipid metabolism in the progression of obesity-related disorders.
Design: We determined the concentrations of 8 lysophosphatidylcholines, 11 lysophosphatidylethanolamines, and 7 lysophosphatidylinositols in the plasma of 34 normal-weight and 38 obese subjects randomly assigned to consume corn oil (control) or n-3 PUFA-rich fish oil (3 g/d; n = 15-19/group) for 90 d. Blood samples were collected on the last day of the study under fasting conditions and 6 h after a high-fat meal (1135 kcal, 86 g fat) challenge. The profile of secreted lysophospholipids was studied in HepG2 cells under palmitate-induced steatosis.
Results: Obese and normal-weight subjects had different profiles of plasma lysophospholipids. A multivariate combination of the 26 lysophospholipids could discriminate between normal-weight and obese subjects with an accuracy of 98%. The high-fat meal challenge altered the concentration of plasma lysophosphatidylcholines in an oil treatment-dependent manner in normal-weight but not obese subjects, suggesting that obesity impairs the sensitivity of lysophospholipid metabolism to n-3 PUFAs. Noncytotoxic steatosis in HepG2 cells affected the secretion pattern of lysophospholipids, partially resembling the changes observed in the plasma of obese subjects.
Conclusions: Obesity has a substantial impact on lysophospholipid metabolism, altering the plasma lysophospholipid profile and abolishing its sensitivity to dietary n-3 PUFAs. These effects could contribute to the onset or progression of alterations associated with obesity, such as inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease.

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Accepted/In Press date: 5 May 2016
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 June 2016
Published date: 1 August 2016
Organisations: Faculty of Medicine, Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 393889
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/393889
ISSN: 0002-9165
PURE UUID: e845130f-460d-4ab2-833b-1674edb671dd
ORCID for Caroline E. Childs: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-6832-224X
ORCID for Elizabeth A. Miles: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-0655
ORCID for Philip C. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

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Date deposited: 06 May 2016 15:45
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 05:33

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Contributors

Author: Josep M. del Bas
Author: Antoni Caimari
Author: Maria Isabel Rodriguez-Naranjo
Author: Carolina Paras Chavez
Author: Annette L. West
Author: 4 Lluis Arola

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