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Vitamin D and cardiovascular risk among adults with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Vitamin D and cardiovascular risk among adults with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Vitamin D and cardiovascular risk among adults with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for both vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease. A link between vitamin D status optimisation and improved cardiometabolic profile among adults with obesity could inform public health initiatives.

Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for interventional studies examining the effects of vitamin D status improvement on cardiovascular risk factors (anthropometric measures, lipid profile, blood pressure, glucose tolerance) among nondiabetic adults with obesity.

Results: Seventeen publications reporting results from 11 different studies were included. Number of participants ranged from 34 to 1179 subjects. Duration was between 6 weeks and 4 years. Vitamin D was administered as a supplement in ten studies (1000 IU daily to 120 000 IU fortnightly). In one study, participants were advised to increase sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D intake. The random and fixed-effects meta-analysis showed that vitamin D significantly increased systolic blood pressure and LDL-C levels. The fixed-effects model also indicated a significant decrease in triglyceride levels, which was not evident using the random-effects model. Caution should be given to these results given the small number of studies used and the high heterogeneity between studies for the two latter outcomes. Additionally, a subset of eligible studies with compatible data presentation was included in the meta-analysis.

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights a paucity of interventional studies examining the effects of vitamin D status improvement on cardiovascular risk factors among otherwise healthy adults with obesity. Large-scale studies at pharmacologically relevant doses and with sufficient duration are warranted.
0014-2972
1113-1126
Manousopoulou, Antigoni
9a5e4e75-cea9-4d0b-91c8-0fa2af02632f
Al-Daghri, Nasser M.
0bf1023c-a104-4f74-8b06-87780dfbd8b4
Garbis, Spiros D.
7067fd19-50c9-4d42-9611-f370289470bd
Chrousos, George P.
28beffd9-c486-4cf4-a012-06745681d811
Manousopoulou, Antigoni
9a5e4e75-cea9-4d0b-91c8-0fa2af02632f
Al-Daghri, Nasser M.
0bf1023c-a104-4f74-8b06-87780dfbd8b4
Garbis, Spiros D.
7067fd19-50c9-4d42-9611-f370289470bd
Chrousos, George P.
28beffd9-c486-4cf4-a012-06745681d811

Manousopoulou, Antigoni, Al-Daghri, Nasser M., Garbis, Spiros D. and Chrousos, George P. (2015) Vitamin D and cardiovascular risk among adults with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 45 (10), 1113-1126. (doi:10.1111/eci.12510). (PMID:26222607)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for both vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease. A link between vitamin D status optimisation and improved cardiometabolic profile among adults with obesity could inform public health initiatives.

Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for interventional studies examining the effects of vitamin D status improvement on cardiovascular risk factors (anthropometric measures, lipid profile, blood pressure, glucose tolerance) among nondiabetic adults with obesity.

Results: Seventeen publications reporting results from 11 different studies were included. Number of participants ranged from 34 to 1179 subjects. Duration was between 6 weeks and 4 years. Vitamin D was administered as a supplement in ten studies (1000 IU daily to 120 000 IU fortnightly). In one study, participants were advised to increase sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D intake. The random and fixed-effects meta-analysis showed that vitamin D significantly increased systolic blood pressure and LDL-C levels. The fixed-effects model also indicated a significant decrease in triglyceride levels, which was not evident using the random-effects model. Caution should be given to these results given the small number of studies used and the high heterogeneity between studies for the two latter outcomes. Additionally, a subset of eligible studies with compatible data presentation was included in the meta-analysis.

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights a paucity of interventional studies examining the effects of vitamin D status improvement on cardiovascular risk factors among otherwise healthy adults with obesity. Large-scale studies at pharmacologically relevant doses and with sufficient duration are warranted.

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Accepted/In Press date: 24 July 2015
e-pub ahead of print date: 3 September 2015
Published date: October 2015
Organisations: Cancer Sciences

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 395376
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/395376
ISSN: 0014-2972
PURE UUID: 7a9e4264-64f2-4915-b1fb-54eb51f27824
ORCID for Spiros D. Garbis: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-0805

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Date deposited: 27 May 2016 13:17
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 00:39

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Contributors

Author: Antigoni Manousopoulou
Author: Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Author: Spiros D. Garbis ORCID iD
Author: George P. Chrousos

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