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Statins use a novel Nijmegen breakage syndrome-1-dependent pathway to accelerate DNA repair in vascular smooth muscle cells

Statins use a novel Nijmegen breakage syndrome-1-dependent pathway to accelerate DNA repair in vascular smooth muscle cells
Statins use a novel Nijmegen breakage syndrome-1-dependent pathway to accelerate DNA repair in vascular smooth muscle cells
Although the hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used in atherosclerosis to reduce serum cholesterol, statins have multiple other effects, including direct effects on cells of the vessel wall. Recently, DNA damage, including telomere shortening, has been identified in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in human atherosclerosis. Although statins reduce DNA damage in vitro, the mechanisms by which they might protect DNA integrity in VSMCs are unknown. We show that human atherosclerotic plaque VSMCs exhibit increased levels of double-stranded DNA breaks and basal activation of DNA repair pathways involving ataxia telangiectasia–mutated (ATM) and the histone H2AX in vivo and in vitro. Oxidant stress induced DNA damage and activated DNA repair pathways in VSMCs. Statin treatment did not reduce oxidant stress or DNA damage but markedly accelerated DNA repair. Accelerated DNA repair required both the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS)-1 protein and the human double minute protein Hdm2, accompanied by phosphorylation of Hdm2, dissociation of NBS-1 and Hdm2, inhibition of NBS-1 degradation, and accelerated phosphorylation of ATM. Statin treatment reduced VSMC senescence and telomere attrition in culture, accelerated DNA repair and reduced apoptosis in vivo after irradiation, and reduced ATM/ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) activity in atherosclerosis. We conclude that statins activate a novel mechanism of accelerating DNA repair, dependent on NBS-1 stabilization and Hdm2. Statin treatment may delay cell senescence and promote DNA repair in atherosclerosis.
0009-7330
717-725
Mahmoudi, M.
1dfae087-fe15-4e03-9f1a-510a4a84a6d5
Gorenne, I.
bcb9440d-a58f-4dc7-af8d-a9c48a1032ae
Mercer, J.
dfe4db6a-a774-4e2d-b867-61237ff2bb90
Figg, N.
fbb76ead-1791-47cb-837f-28306e772b95
Littlewood, T.
bdfa8ee7-fe78-441e-b133-8e187ed674b3
Bennett, M.
e42f5213-4410-4284-9e96-74e359df6b19
Mahmoudi, M.
1dfae087-fe15-4e03-9f1a-510a4a84a6d5
Gorenne, I.
bcb9440d-a58f-4dc7-af8d-a9c48a1032ae
Mercer, J.
dfe4db6a-a774-4e2d-b867-61237ff2bb90
Figg, N.
fbb76ead-1791-47cb-837f-28306e772b95
Littlewood, T.
bdfa8ee7-fe78-441e-b133-8e187ed674b3
Bennett, M.
e42f5213-4410-4284-9e96-74e359df6b19

Mahmoudi, M., Gorenne, I., Mercer, J., Figg, N., Littlewood, T. and Bennett, M. (2008) Statins use a novel Nijmegen breakage syndrome-1-dependent pathway to accelerate DNA repair in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation Research, 103 (7), 717-725. (doi:10.1161/circresaha.108.182899).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Although the hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used in atherosclerosis to reduce serum cholesterol, statins have multiple other effects, including direct effects on cells of the vessel wall. Recently, DNA damage, including telomere shortening, has been identified in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in human atherosclerosis. Although statins reduce DNA damage in vitro, the mechanisms by which they might protect DNA integrity in VSMCs are unknown. We show that human atherosclerotic plaque VSMCs exhibit increased levels of double-stranded DNA breaks and basal activation of DNA repair pathways involving ataxia telangiectasia–mutated (ATM) and the histone H2AX in vivo and in vitro. Oxidant stress induced DNA damage and activated DNA repair pathways in VSMCs. Statin treatment did not reduce oxidant stress or DNA damage but markedly accelerated DNA repair. Accelerated DNA repair required both the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS)-1 protein and the human double minute protein Hdm2, accompanied by phosphorylation of Hdm2, dissociation of NBS-1 and Hdm2, inhibition of NBS-1 degradation, and accelerated phosphorylation of ATM. Statin treatment reduced VSMC senescence and telomere attrition in culture, accelerated DNA repair and reduced apoptosis in vivo after irradiation, and reduced ATM/ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) activity in atherosclerosis. We conclude that statins activate a novel mechanism of accelerating DNA repair, dependent on NBS-1 stabilization and Hdm2. Statin treatment may delay cell senescence and promote DNA repair in atherosclerosis.

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Published date: 21 August 2008
Organisations: Human Development & Health

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Local EPrints ID: 396161
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/396161
ISSN: 0009-7330
PURE UUID: 7c4ce67e-6ae0-4480-8e76-65fcd2e177a4

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Date deposited: 15 Jul 2016 15:37
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 00:47

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Contributors

Author: M. Mahmoudi
Author: I. Gorenne
Author: J. Mercer
Author: N. Figg
Author: T. Littlewood
Author: M. Bennett

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