The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

The relationship between eruptive activity, flank collapse, and sea level at volcanic islands: a long-term (>1 Ma) record offshore Montserrat, Lesser Antilles

The relationship between eruptive activity, flank collapse, and sea level at volcanic islands: a long-term (>1 Ma) record offshore Montserrat, Lesser Antilles
The relationship between eruptive activity, flank collapse, and sea level at volcanic islands: a long-term (>1 Ma) record offshore Montserrat, Lesser Antilles
Hole U1395B, drilled southeast of Montserrat during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 340, provides a long (>1 Ma) and detailed record of eruptive and mass-wasting events (>130 discrete events). This record can be used to explore the temporal evolution in volcanic activity and landslides at an arc volcano. Analysis of tephra fall and volcaniclastic turbidite deposits in the drill cores reveals three heightened periods of volcanic activity on the island of Montserrat (?930 ka to ?900 ka, ?810 ka to ?760 ka, and ?190 ka to ?120 ka) that coincide with periods of increased volcano instability and mass-wasting. The youngest of these periods marks the peak in activity at the Soufrière Hills volcano. The largest flank collapse of this volcano (?130 ka) occurred towards the end of this period, and two younger landslides also occurred during a period of relatively elevated volcanism. These three landslides represent the only large (>0.3 km3) flank collapses of the Soufrière Hills edifice, and their timing also coincides with periods of rapid sea-level rise (>5 m/ka). Available age data from other island arc volcanoes suggests a general correlation between the timing of large landslides and periods of rapid sea-level rise, but this is not observed for volcanoes in intra-plate ocean settings. We thus infer that rapid sea-level rise may modulate the timing of collapse at island arc volcanoes, but not in larger ocean-island settings.
Landslide, volcanism, sea-level, IODP, Expedition 340
1525-2027
2591-2611
Coussens, Maya
761d9bfc-bb42-4362-b5cd-91cbc85b53a5
Wall-Palmer, Deborah
c99bfc4a-a64f-489f-93d2-3517beafd554
Talling, Peter J.
1cbac5ec-a9f8-4868-94fe-6203f30b47cf
Watt, Sebastian F.L.
8cde9189-35d1-450c-bff8-f7c9107eb635
Cassidy, Michael
fc0e9729-9c71-477d-a4e3-39698155e6fc
Jutzeler, Martin
3ff7423b-ed16-439c-ad5b-1822b72d7b8c
Clare, Michael A.
b26da858-9c08-4784-aaa9-7092efcd94bd
Hunt, James E.
eb7fbfb5-b1c9-4436-b7f6-18c8d13b7a0b
Manga, Michael
924be86d-0d11-410f-be8e-a3cf637af295
Gernon, Thomas M.
658041a0-fdd1-4516-85f4-98895a39235e
Palmer, Martin R.
d2e60e81-5d6e-4ddb-a243-602537286080
Hatter, Stuart J.
b43a8c1b-8ae3-4764-8238-3dc597aa0d71
Boudon, Georges
e836e5cd-5c6d-45da-bd28-ade2811a2af5
Endo, Daisuke
9e626495-0e6d-4edd-93a4-827a358f9d1d
Fujinawa, Akihiko
c89bc5bf-fefb-48c6-b682-640200796c28
Hatfield, Robert
bbbdbf37-504f-45ce-b624-f17d732fbabf
Hornbach, Matthew J.
868e7176-2820-455f-ad97-24434b9d98cb
Ishizuka, Osamu
1fb98a88-bff7-4200-a09d-92ddf1616058
Kataoka, Kyoko
bc65fb75-e69a-4082-a29d-6fc551d02bad
Le Friant, Anne
cfb10a7b-5725-4c9e-a3b1-1ad6211c1bb9
Maeno, Fukashi
e6b44220-a9b4-41c2-96cb-a9459db01ec2
McCanta, Molly
c708ce5c-8874-45ca-a293-84944132ebee
Stinton, Adam J.
6631cd87-cf40-47b0-b2a3-422509379b22
Coussens, Maya
761d9bfc-bb42-4362-b5cd-91cbc85b53a5
Wall-Palmer, Deborah
c99bfc4a-a64f-489f-93d2-3517beafd554
Talling, Peter J.
1cbac5ec-a9f8-4868-94fe-6203f30b47cf
Watt, Sebastian F.L.
8cde9189-35d1-450c-bff8-f7c9107eb635
Cassidy, Michael
fc0e9729-9c71-477d-a4e3-39698155e6fc
Jutzeler, Martin
3ff7423b-ed16-439c-ad5b-1822b72d7b8c
Clare, Michael A.
b26da858-9c08-4784-aaa9-7092efcd94bd
Hunt, James E.
eb7fbfb5-b1c9-4436-b7f6-18c8d13b7a0b
Manga, Michael
924be86d-0d11-410f-be8e-a3cf637af295
Gernon, Thomas M.
658041a0-fdd1-4516-85f4-98895a39235e
Palmer, Martin R.
d2e60e81-5d6e-4ddb-a243-602537286080
Hatter, Stuart J.
b43a8c1b-8ae3-4764-8238-3dc597aa0d71
Boudon, Georges
e836e5cd-5c6d-45da-bd28-ade2811a2af5
Endo, Daisuke
9e626495-0e6d-4edd-93a4-827a358f9d1d
Fujinawa, Akihiko
c89bc5bf-fefb-48c6-b682-640200796c28
Hatfield, Robert
bbbdbf37-504f-45ce-b624-f17d732fbabf
Hornbach, Matthew J.
868e7176-2820-455f-ad97-24434b9d98cb
Ishizuka, Osamu
1fb98a88-bff7-4200-a09d-92ddf1616058
Kataoka, Kyoko
bc65fb75-e69a-4082-a29d-6fc551d02bad
Le Friant, Anne
cfb10a7b-5725-4c9e-a3b1-1ad6211c1bb9
Maeno, Fukashi
e6b44220-a9b4-41c2-96cb-a9459db01ec2
McCanta, Molly
c708ce5c-8874-45ca-a293-84944132ebee
Stinton, Adam J.
6631cd87-cf40-47b0-b2a3-422509379b22

Coussens, Maya, Wall-Palmer, Deborah, Talling, Peter J., Watt, Sebastian F.L., Cassidy, Michael, Jutzeler, Martin, Clare, Michael A., Hunt, James E., Manga, Michael, Gernon, Thomas M., Palmer, Martin R., Hatter, Stuart J., Boudon, Georges, Endo, Daisuke, Fujinawa, Akihiko, Hatfield, Robert, Hornbach, Matthew J., Ishizuka, Osamu, Kataoka, Kyoko, Le Friant, Anne, Maeno, Fukashi, McCanta, Molly and Stinton, Adam J. (2016) The relationship between eruptive activity, flank collapse, and sea level at volcanic islands: a long-term (>1 Ma) record offshore Montserrat, Lesser Antilles. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17 (7), 2591-2611. (doi:10.1002/2015GC006053).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Hole U1395B, drilled southeast of Montserrat during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 340, provides a long (>1 Ma) and detailed record of eruptive and mass-wasting events (>130 discrete events). This record can be used to explore the temporal evolution in volcanic activity and landslides at an arc volcano. Analysis of tephra fall and volcaniclastic turbidite deposits in the drill cores reveals three heightened periods of volcanic activity on the island of Montserrat (?930 ka to ?900 ka, ?810 ka to ?760 ka, and ?190 ka to ?120 ka) that coincide with periods of increased volcano instability and mass-wasting. The youngest of these periods marks the peak in activity at the Soufrière Hills volcano. The largest flank collapse of this volcano (?130 ka) occurred towards the end of this period, and two younger landslides also occurred during a period of relatively elevated volcanism. These three landslides represent the only large (>0.3 km3) flank collapses of the Soufrière Hills edifice, and their timing also coincides with periods of rapid sea-level rise (>5 m/ka). Available age data from other island arc volcanoes suggests a general correlation between the timing of large landslides and periods of rapid sea-level rise, but this is not observed for volcanoes in intra-plate ocean settings. We thus infer that rapid sea-level rise may modulate the timing of collapse at island arc volcanoes, but not in larger ocean-island settings.

Text
ggge21053.pdf - Accepted Manuscript
Download (1MB)
Text
Coussens_et_al-2016-Geochemistry,_Geophysics,_Geosystems.pdf - Version of Record
Download (3MB)

More information

Accepted/In Press date: 5 June 2016
e-pub ahead of print date: 16 July 2016
Keywords: Landslide, volcanism, sea-level, IODP, Expedition 340
Organisations: Geochemistry, Marine Geoscience

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 397285
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/397285
ISSN: 1525-2027
PURE UUID: c3f8af84-3f66-46f7-8fdf-ea959266d600
ORCID for Thomas M. Gernon: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-2092
ORCID for Stuart J. Hatter: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-5275

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 23 Jun 2016 15:51
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 05:42

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: Maya Coussens
Author: Deborah Wall-Palmer
Author: Peter J. Talling
Author: Sebastian F.L. Watt
Author: Michael Cassidy
Author: Martin Jutzeler
Author: Michael A. Clare
Author: James E. Hunt
Author: Michael Manga
Author: Stuart J. Hatter ORCID iD
Author: Georges Boudon
Author: Daisuke Endo
Author: Akihiko Fujinawa
Author: Robert Hatfield
Author: Matthew J. Hornbach
Author: Osamu Ishizuka
Author: Kyoko Kataoka
Author: Anne Le Friant
Author: Fukashi Maeno
Author: Molly McCanta
Author: Adam J. Stinton

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×