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The importance of the elastic and plastic components of strain in tensile and compressive fatigue of human cortical bone in relation to orthopaedic biomechanics

The importance of the elastic and plastic components of strain in tensile and compressive fatigue of human cortical bone in relation to orthopaedic biomechanics
The importance of the elastic and plastic components of strain in tensile and compressive fatigue of human cortical bone in relation to orthopaedic biomechanics
The longevity, success, or failure of an orthopaedic implant is dependent on its osseointegration especially within the initial six months of the initial surgery. The development of strains plays a crucial role in both bone modelling and remodelling. For remodelling, in particular, strains of substantial values are required to activate the osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity for the osseointegration of the implant. Bone, however, is subject to ‘damage’ when strain levels exceed a certain threshold level. Damage is manifested in the form of microcracks; it is linked to increased elastic strain amplitudes and is accompanied by the development of ‘plastic’ (irrecoverable, residual) strains. Such strains increase the likelihood for the implant to subside or loosen. The present study examines the rates (per cycle) by which these two components of strain (elastic and ‘plastic’) develop during fatigue cycling in two loading modes, tension and compression. The results of this study show that these strain rates depend on the applied stress in both loading modes. It also shows that elastic and plastic strain rates can be linked to each other through simple power law relationships so that one can calculate or predict the latter from the former and vice versa. We anticipate that such basic bone biomechanics data would be of great benefit to both clinicians and bioengineers working in the field of FEA modelling applications and orthopaedic implant surgery.
1108-7161
134-141
Winwood, K.
ce111e19-b312-4198-b442-3a8d22b37118
Zioupos, P.
11b6158a-2969-43b4-b19b-a01b00ee65fa
Currey, J.D.
98d6622e-9916-46f8-af85-abbc00cbc23d
Cotton, J.R.
c755dd79-bca6-46b5-85ea-0b14f5b844fa
Taylor, M.
e368bda3-6ca5-4178-80e9-41a689badeeb
Winwood, K.
ce111e19-b312-4198-b442-3a8d22b37118
Zioupos, P.
11b6158a-2969-43b4-b19b-a01b00ee65fa
Currey, J.D.
98d6622e-9916-46f8-af85-abbc00cbc23d
Cotton, J.R.
c755dd79-bca6-46b5-85ea-0b14f5b844fa
Taylor, M.
e368bda3-6ca5-4178-80e9-41a689badeeb

Winwood, K., Zioupos, P., Currey, J.D., Cotton, J.R. and Taylor, M. (2006) The importance of the elastic and plastic components of strain in tensile and compressive fatigue of human cortical bone in relation to orthopaedic biomechanics. Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions, 6 (2), 134-141.

Record type: Article

Abstract

The longevity, success, or failure of an orthopaedic implant is dependent on its osseointegration especially within the initial six months of the initial surgery. The development of strains plays a crucial role in both bone modelling and remodelling. For remodelling, in particular, strains of substantial values are required to activate the osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity for the osseointegration of the implant. Bone, however, is subject to ‘damage’ when strain levels exceed a certain threshold level. Damage is manifested in the form of microcracks; it is linked to increased elastic strain amplitudes and is accompanied by the development of ‘plastic’ (irrecoverable, residual) strains. Such strains increase the likelihood for the implant to subside or loosen. The present study examines the rates (per cycle) by which these two components of strain (elastic and ‘plastic’) develop during fatigue cycling in two loading modes, tension and compression. The results of this study show that these strain rates depend on the applied stress in both loading modes. It also shows that elastic and plastic strain rates can be linked to each other through simple power law relationships so that one can calculate or predict the latter from the former and vice versa. We anticipate that such basic bone biomechanics data would be of great benefit to both clinicians and bioengineers working in the field of FEA modelling applications and orthopaedic implant surgery.

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Published date: 2006

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 43215
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/43215
ISSN: 1108-7161
PURE UUID: fa5bc3ba-2682-4739-8598-397b0a159224

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Date deposited: 17 Jan 2007
Last modified: 08 Jan 2022 15:56

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Contributors

Author: K. Winwood
Author: P. Zioupos
Author: J.D. Currey
Author: J.R. Cotton
Author: M. Taylor

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