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Differential effects of fatness, fitness and physical activity energy expenditure on whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity

Differential effects of fatness, fitness and physical activity energy expenditure on whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity
Differential effects of fatness, fitness and physical activity energy expenditure on whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relative contributions of fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and fatness to whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity is uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine whether fitness and PAEE are associated with whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity independently of body fat.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 25 men (mean [SD] age 53 [6] years). Whole-body (M value) and liver (percentage suppression of endogenous glucose output) insulin sensitivity were estimated using a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. Insulin sensitivity in fat (insulin sensitivity index for NEFA) was estimated during an OGTT. Total and truncal fat were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, fitness by treadmill, and PAEE (n = 21) by 3 day heart rate monitoring and Baecke questionnaire.

RESULTS: In univariate analyses, fatness was strongly associated with insulin sensitivity (whole-body, liver and fat). Fitness was associated with whole-body (r = 0.53, p < 0.007) and liver (0.42, p = 0.04) insulin sensitivity, while PAEE was associated with liver insulin sensitivity (r = 0.55, p = 0.01). Regression models were established to describe associations between fatness, fitness and physical activity and measures of insulin sensitivity (whole-body, fat and liver) as outcomes. Only fatness was independently associated with whole-body insulin sensitivity (B coefficient -0.01, p = 0.001). Fitness was not associated with any outcome. Only PAEE was independently associated with liver insulin sensitivity (B coefficient 13.5, p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Fatness explains most of the variance in whole-body insulin sensitivity. In contrast, PAEE explains most of the variance in liver insulin sensitivity.
fitness, hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic clamp, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity (whole-body, liver and fat), obesity (visceral, truncal and subcutaneous), PAEE, physical activity, physical activity energy expenditure
0012-186X
1698-1706
Holt, H.B.
fefa738f-7eae-4263-a8ba-b68a87409173
Wild, S.H.
eb23a87e-b8da-4f3f-8dab-e02e7b5104aa
Wareham, N.
0292c642-a19b-41ea-b05a-62c5a21c6ff0
Ekelund, U.
c93d220c-728d-43e3-900a-3c4f4ca502ff
Umpleby, M.
c7097774-a5ea-4fe3-a29b-82cc1aa450fb
Shojaee-Moradie, F.
53eee249-e1cf-4501-8a58-d548bb2d537a
Holt, R.I.G.
d54202e1-fcf6-4a17-a320-9f32d7024393
Phillips, D.I.
29b73be7-2ff9-4fff-ae42-d59842df4cc6
Byrne, C.D.
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c
Holt, H.B.
fefa738f-7eae-4263-a8ba-b68a87409173
Wild, S.H.
eb23a87e-b8da-4f3f-8dab-e02e7b5104aa
Wareham, N.
0292c642-a19b-41ea-b05a-62c5a21c6ff0
Ekelund, U.
c93d220c-728d-43e3-900a-3c4f4ca502ff
Umpleby, M.
c7097774-a5ea-4fe3-a29b-82cc1aa450fb
Shojaee-Moradie, F.
53eee249-e1cf-4501-8a58-d548bb2d537a
Holt, R.I.G.
d54202e1-fcf6-4a17-a320-9f32d7024393
Phillips, D.I.
29b73be7-2ff9-4fff-ae42-d59842df4cc6
Byrne, C.D.
1370b997-cead-4229-83a7-53301ed2a43c

Holt, H.B., Wild, S.H., Wareham, N., Ekelund, U., Umpleby, M., Shojaee-Moradie, F., Holt, R.I.G., Phillips, D.I. and Byrne, C.D. (2007) Differential effects of fatness, fitness and physical activity energy expenditure on whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity. Diabetologia, 50 (8), 1698-1706. (doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0705-1).

Record type: Article

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relative contributions of fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and fatness to whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity is uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine whether fitness and PAEE are associated with whole-body, liver and fat insulin sensitivity independently of body fat.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 25 men (mean [SD] age 53 [6] years). Whole-body (M value) and liver (percentage suppression of endogenous glucose output) insulin sensitivity were estimated using a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. Insulin sensitivity in fat (insulin sensitivity index for NEFA) was estimated during an OGTT. Total and truncal fat were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, fitness by treadmill, and PAEE (n = 21) by 3 day heart rate monitoring and Baecke questionnaire.

RESULTS: In univariate analyses, fatness was strongly associated with insulin sensitivity (whole-body, liver and fat). Fitness was associated with whole-body (r = 0.53, p < 0.007) and liver (0.42, p = 0.04) insulin sensitivity, while PAEE was associated with liver insulin sensitivity (r = 0.55, p = 0.01). Regression models were established to describe associations between fatness, fitness and physical activity and measures of insulin sensitivity (whole-body, fat and liver) as outcomes. Only fatness was independently associated with whole-body insulin sensitivity (B coefficient -0.01, p = 0.001). Fitness was not associated with any outcome. Only PAEE was independently associated with liver insulin sensitivity (B coefficient 13.5, p = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Fatness explains most of the variance in whole-body insulin sensitivity. In contrast, PAEE explains most of the variance in liver insulin sensitivity.

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More information

Published date: August 2007
Keywords: fitness, hyperinsulinaemic, euglycaemic clamp, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity (whole-body, liver and fat), obesity (visceral, truncal and subcutaneous), PAEE, physical activity, physical activity energy expenditure

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 48512
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/48512
ISSN: 0012-186X
PURE UUID: e22e5135-062c-4b64-b3d2-98265d49a5ba
ORCID for R.I.G. Holt: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-6744
ORCID for C.D. Byrne: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-7753

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 27 Sep 2007
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:19

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Contributors

Author: H.B. Holt
Author: S.H. Wild
Author: N. Wareham
Author: U. Ekelund
Author: M. Umpleby
Author: F. Shojaee-Moradie
Author: R.I.G. Holt ORCID iD
Author: D.I. Phillips
Author: C.D. Byrne ORCID iD

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