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Effect of sex and genotype on cardiovascular biomarker response to fish oils: the FINGEN Study

Effect of sex and genotype on cardiovascular biomarker response to fish oils: the FINGEN Study
Effect of sex and genotype on cardiovascular biomarker response to fish oils: the FINGEN Study
Background: the lipid-modulatory effects of high intakes of the fish-oil fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are well established and likely to contribute to cardioprotective benefits.

Objectives: we aimed to determine the effect of moderate EPA and DHA intakes (<2 g EPA+DHA/d) on the plasma fatty acid profile, lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations, lipoprotein subclass distribution, and markers of oxidative status. We also aimed to examine the effect of age, sex, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the observed responses.

Design: three hundred twelve adults aged 20–70 y, who were prospectively recruited according to age, sex, and APOE genotype, completed a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Participants consumed control oil, 0.7 g EPA+DHA/d (0.7FO), and 1.8 g EPA+DHA/d (1.8FO) capsules in random order, each for an 8-wk intervention period, separated by 12-wk washout periods.

Results: in the group as a whole, 8% and 11% lower plasma triacylglycerol concentrations were evident after 0.7FO and 1.8FO, respectively (P < 0.001): significant sex x treatment (P = 0.038) and sex x genotype x treatment (P = 0.032) interactions were observed, and the greatest triacylglycerol-lowering responses (reductions of 15% and 23% after 0.7FO and 1.8FO, respectively) were evident in APOE4 men. Furthermore, lower VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0.026) and higher LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.010), HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), and HDL2 (P < 0.001) concentrations were evident after fish-oil intervention.

Conclusions: supplements providing EPA+DHA at doses as low as 0.7 g/d have a significant effect on the plasma lipid profile. The results of the current trial, which used a prospective recruitment approach to examine the responses in population subgroups, are indicative of a greater triacylglycerol-lowering action of long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in males than in females
great britain, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, sex characteristics, female, nonesterified, fish oil, diet, fish-oil, aged, humans, middle aged, acid, fatty acids, administration & dosage, apolipoprotein-e, fatty acid, reduction, blood, united-kingdom, chemistry, apolipoproteins, fish oils, trial, male, biological markers, capsules, lipoproteins, adult, double-blind, plasma, analysis, oils, genotype
0002-9165
618-629
Caslake, Muriel J.
64672ccc-823e-4346-9717-6dd5d6ffe602
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Kofler, Bettina M.
d775d25c-56ac-4ed6-a35f-278dc3ee7a07
Lietz, Georg
9820424b-5822-4fa1-ae24-e4c26c024728
Curtis, Peter
e4204414-c37f-4870-bd23-564397969d28
Armah, Christopher K.
1615deb4-3beb-4d0b-893a-7b125e81d89a
Kimber, Alan C.
40ba3a19-bbe3-47b6-9a8d-68ebf4cea774
Grew, Jilly P.
e00504ad-fa9c-4951-833f-6c1def2ad5b2
Farrell, Lesley
5340dac8-4bf8-4ee0-8e1c-2fcf5e114586
Stannard, Julie
54c49883-460f-4a8e-9bfc-853ad2351d2f
Napper, Frances L.
73239135-94cb-45ac-aad4-b352773e2009
Sala-Vila, Aleix
d3ddb143-7c9b-44c0-b2ab-28a00fa9ac7e
West, Annette L.
e8dacc1a-5fdc-4a4f-92d8-608f2ea2994c
Mathers, John C.
4dfcad8f-65ea-46f8-a219-3573b131be52
Packard, Christopher
a0f4cf83-166d-4018-a248-1ab4b5281d57
Williams, Christine M.
4cf5b7be-8973-4ed3-9150-5caf74999670
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Minihane, Anne M.
323fcab6-215c-4c13-b8d4-2ad242a31900
Caslake, Muriel J.
64672ccc-823e-4346-9717-6dd5d6ffe602
Miles, Elizabeth A.
20332899-ecdb-4214-95bc-922dde36d416
Kofler, Bettina M.
d775d25c-56ac-4ed6-a35f-278dc3ee7a07
Lietz, Georg
9820424b-5822-4fa1-ae24-e4c26c024728
Curtis, Peter
e4204414-c37f-4870-bd23-564397969d28
Armah, Christopher K.
1615deb4-3beb-4d0b-893a-7b125e81d89a
Kimber, Alan C.
40ba3a19-bbe3-47b6-9a8d-68ebf4cea774
Grew, Jilly P.
e00504ad-fa9c-4951-833f-6c1def2ad5b2
Farrell, Lesley
5340dac8-4bf8-4ee0-8e1c-2fcf5e114586
Stannard, Julie
54c49883-460f-4a8e-9bfc-853ad2351d2f
Napper, Frances L.
73239135-94cb-45ac-aad4-b352773e2009
Sala-Vila, Aleix
d3ddb143-7c9b-44c0-b2ab-28a00fa9ac7e
West, Annette L.
e8dacc1a-5fdc-4a4f-92d8-608f2ea2994c
Mathers, John C.
4dfcad8f-65ea-46f8-a219-3573b131be52
Packard, Christopher
a0f4cf83-166d-4018-a248-1ab4b5281d57
Williams, Christine M.
4cf5b7be-8973-4ed3-9150-5caf74999670
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Minihane, Anne M.
323fcab6-215c-4c13-b8d4-2ad242a31900

Caslake, Muriel J., Miles, Elizabeth A., Kofler, Bettina M., Lietz, Georg, Curtis, Peter, Armah, Christopher K., Kimber, Alan C., Grew, Jilly P., Farrell, Lesley, Stannard, Julie, Napper, Frances L., Sala-Vila, Aleix, West, Annette L., Mathers, John C., Packard, Christopher, Williams, Christine M., Calder, Philip C. and Minihane, Anne M. (2008) Effect of sex and genotype on cardiovascular biomarker response to fish oils: the FINGEN Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88 (3), 618-629. (PMID:18779276)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: the lipid-modulatory effects of high intakes of the fish-oil fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are well established and likely to contribute to cardioprotective benefits.

Objectives: we aimed to determine the effect of moderate EPA and DHA intakes (<2 g EPA+DHA/d) on the plasma fatty acid profile, lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations, lipoprotein subclass distribution, and markers of oxidative status. We also aimed to examine the effect of age, sex, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on the observed responses.

Design: three hundred twelve adults aged 20–70 y, who were prospectively recruited according to age, sex, and APOE genotype, completed a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Participants consumed control oil, 0.7 g EPA+DHA/d (0.7FO), and 1.8 g EPA+DHA/d (1.8FO) capsules in random order, each for an 8-wk intervention period, separated by 12-wk washout periods.

Results: in the group as a whole, 8% and 11% lower plasma triacylglycerol concentrations were evident after 0.7FO and 1.8FO, respectively (P < 0.001): significant sex x treatment (P = 0.038) and sex x genotype x treatment (P = 0.032) interactions were observed, and the greatest triacylglycerol-lowering responses (reductions of 15% and 23% after 0.7FO and 1.8FO, respectively) were evident in APOE4 men. Furthermore, lower VLDL-cholesterol (P = 0.026) and higher LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.010), HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), and HDL2 (P < 0.001) concentrations were evident after fish-oil intervention.

Conclusions: supplements providing EPA+DHA at doses as low as 0.7 g/d have a significant effect on the plasma lipid profile. The results of the current trial, which used a prospective recruitment approach to examine the responses in population subgroups, are indicative of a greater triacylglycerol-lowering action of long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in males than in females

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More information

Published date: September 2008
Keywords: great britain, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, sex characteristics, female, nonesterified, fish oil, diet, fish-oil, aged, humans, middle aged, acid, fatty acids, administration & dosage, apolipoprotein-e, fatty acid, reduction, blood, united-kingdom, chemistry, apolipoproteins, fish oils, trial, male, biological markers, capsules, lipoproteins, adult, double-blind, plasma, analysis, oils, genotype

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 70323
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/70323
ISSN: 0002-9165
PURE UUID: 24dfae83-2a5f-4940-bf57-5dd05649cb98
ORCID for Elizabeth A. Miles: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8643-0655
ORCID for Philip C. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 02 Feb 2010
Last modified: 23 Jul 2022 01:39

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Contributors

Author: Muriel J. Caslake
Author: Bettina M. Kofler
Author: Georg Lietz
Author: Peter Curtis
Author: Christopher K. Armah
Author: Alan C. Kimber
Author: Jilly P. Grew
Author: Lesley Farrell
Author: Julie Stannard
Author: Frances L. Napper
Author: Aleix Sala-Vila
Author: Annette L. West
Author: John C. Mathers
Author: Christopher Packard
Author: Christine M. Williams
Author: Anne M. Minihane

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