Human mid-gestation amniotic fluid contains interleukin-16 bioactivity
Thornton, Catherine A., Holloway, Judith A., Shute, Janis K., Holloway, John W., Diaper, Norma D. and Warner, John O. (2009) Human mid-gestation amniotic fluid contains interleukin-16 bioactivity. Immunology, 126, (4), 543-551. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.02903.x). (PMID:19278422).
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Description/Abstract
CD4-positive cells are detectable in the human fetal gastrointestinal tract from 11 weeks of gestation. Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is a chemoattractant for CD4(+) cells and, via fetal swallowing of amniotic fluid, could mediate the influx of CD4(+) cells into the fetal gut. We have shown that IL-16 was detectable in human amniotic fluid at 16-18 weeks of gestation (mid-pregnancy) but was not detectable at term (late pregnancy; > 37 weeks of gestation). Similarly, mid-pregnancy, but not late pregnancy, amniotic fluid contained chemotactic activity for CD4(+) T cells, this activity was reduced by 58% in the presence of a neutralizing anti-IL-16 antibody. The levels of IL-16 in fetal plasma at 16-24 weeks of gestation were very high, and decreased significantly by 25-36 weeks but at > 37 weeks remained significantly higher than adult levels. IL-16 transcripts were detectable in whole tissue extracts of fetal gut, skin and placenta but not in amniocytes, and IL-16 immunoreactivity was detectable in cells within the lamina propria of the fetal gut and within the skin, where it was associated with the basement membrane. Neither IL-16 levels nor chemotactic activity for CD4(+) T cells in mid-pregnancy amniotic fluid was related to atopic outcomes at 1 year of age. IL-16 might have an important role in the early development of the human immune system and/or in regulating fetal and maternal immunological responsiveness during pregnancy.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| ISSNs: | 0019-2805 (print) 1365-2567 (electronic) |
| Keywords: | amniotic fluid, atopy, chemotaxis, interleukin-16, pregnancy |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics |
| Divisions: | University Structure - Pre August 2011 > School of Medicine > Infection, Inflammation and Repair |
| Item ID: | 72879 |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Feb 2010 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2012 00:47 |
| Contributors: | Thornton, Catherine A. (Author) Holloway, Judith A. (Author) Shute, Janis K. (Author) Holloway, John W. (Author) Diaper, Norma D. (Author) Warner, John O. (Author) |
| Date: | April 2009 |
| Status: | Published |
| URI: | http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/72879 |
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