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Effects of instrumentation changes on ocean surface temperature measured in situ

Effects of instrumentation changes on ocean surface temperature measured in situ
Effects of instrumentation changes on ocean surface temperature measured in situ
Measurements of ocean surface temperature are an important climate record, complementing terrestrial air temperature observations, records of marine air temperature, ocean subsurface temperatures and ocean heat content. Sea-surface temperature (SST) has been measured since the mid-18th Century, although observations are sparse in the early period. Historically, marine observing systems relied on observations made by seafarers and necessary information on measurement methods is often not available. There are many historical descriptions of observing practice and instrumentation, some including quantification of biases between different methods. This documentation has been used, with the available observations, to develop models for the expected biases which vary according to how the measurement were made, over time and with the environmental conditions. Adjustments have been developed for these biases and some gridded SST datasets adjust for these differences and provide uncertainty estimates, including uncertainties in the bias adjustments. The modern in situ SST observing system continues to evolve and now includes many observations from moored and drifting buoys which must be characterised relative to earlier observations to provide a consistent record of multi-decadal changes in SST.
718-728
Kent, Elizabeth C.
ea23f6f0-ccf6-4702-a5c9-184e9c5d4427
Kennedy, John. J.
165e4e92-cf1f-4937-80e7-6d67cb895eb3
Berry, David I.
55ffc590-f459-49c8-aecf-842d65aeb0fb
Smith, Robert O.
fd5ad5c9-85ac-4a9b-b3cb-376d587b1f6a
Kent, Elizabeth C.
ea23f6f0-ccf6-4702-a5c9-184e9c5d4427
Kennedy, John. J.
165e4e92-cf1f-4937-80e7-6d67cb895eb3
Berry, David I.
55ffc590-f459-49c8-aecf-842d65aeb0fb
Smith, Robert O.
fd5ad5c9-85ac-4a9b-b3cb-376d587b1f6a

Kent, Elizabeth C., Kennedy, John. J., Berry, David I. and Smith, Robert O. (2010) Effects of instrumentation changes on ocean surface temperature measured in situ. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 1 (5), 718-728. (doi:10.1002/wcc.55).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Measurements of ocean surface temperature are an important climate record, complementing terrestrial air temperature observations, records of marine air temperature, ocean subsurface temperatures and ocean heat content. Sea-surface temperature (SST) has been measured since the mid-18th Century, although observations are sparse in the early period. Historically, marine observing systems relied on observations made by seafarers and necessary information on measurement methods is often not available. There are many historical descriptions of observing practice and instrumentation, some including quantification of biases between different methods. This documentation has been used, with the available observations, to develop models for the expected biases which vary according to how the measurement were made, over time and with the environmental conditions. Adjustments have been developed for these biases and some gridded SST datasets adjust for these differences and provide uncertainty estimates, including uncertainties in the bias adjustments. The modern in situ SST observing system continues to evolve and now includes many observations from moored and drifting buoys which must be characterised relative to earlier observations to provide a consistent record of multi-decadal changes in SST.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 25 March 2010
e-pub ahead of print date: 17 May 2010
Published date: 16 September 2010
Organisations: Marine Physics and Ocean Climate

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 151457
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/151457
PURE UUID: 8ec0e66a-2b52-4a2e-a2a4-0978f4589623

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Date deposited: 11 May 2010 10:21
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 01:20

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Contributors

Author: Elizabeth C. Kent
Author: John. J. Kennedy
Author: David I. Berry
Author: Robert O. Smith

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