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The influence of Great Earthquakes on volcanic eruption rate along the Chilean subduction zone

The influence of Great Earthquakes on volcanic eruption rate along the Chilean subduction zone
The influence of Great Earthquakes on volcanic eruption rate along the Chilean subduction zone
Seismic activity has been postulated as a trigger of volcanic eruption on a range of timescales, but demonstrating the occurrence of triggered eruptions on timescales beyond a few days has proven difficult using global datasets. Here, we use the historic earthquake and eruption records of Chile and the Andean southern volcanic zone to investigate eruption rates following large earthquakes. We show a significant increase in eruption rate following earthquakes of MW > 8, notably in 1906 and 1960, with similar occurrences further back in the record. Eruption rates are enhanced above background levels for ~ 12 months following the 1906 and 1960 earthquakes, with the onset of 3–4 eruptions estimated to have been seismically influenced in each instance. Eruption locations suggest that these effects occur from the near-field to distances of ~ 500 km or more beyond the limits of the earthquake rupture zone. This suggests that both dynamic and static stresses associated with large earthquakes are important in eruption-triggering processes and have the potential to initiate volcanic eruption in arc settings over timescales of several months.
seismic triggering, volcanic eruption, Chile, Andean southern volcanic zone, great earthquake, eruption rates
0012-821X
399-407
Watt, Sebastian F.L.
8cde9189-35d1-450c-bff8-f7c9107eb635
Pyle, David M.
ce901611-520f-4b83-8da1-3de165cd8a7a
Mather, Tamsin A.
fb84c181-8e26-47ac-9f7e-a4bd2d72bc8b
Watt, Sebastian F.L.
8cde9189-35d1-450c-bff8-f7c9107eb635
Pyle, David M.
ce901611-520f-4b83-8da1-3de165cd8a7a
Mather, Tamsin A.
fb84c181-8e26-47ac-9f7e-a4bd2d72bc8b

Watt, Sebastian F.L., Pyle, David M. and Mather, Tamsin A. (2009) The influence of Great Earthquakes on volcanic eruption rate along the Chilean subduction zone. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 277 (3-4), 399-407. (doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.11.005).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Seismic activity has been postulated as a trigger of volcanic eruption on a range of timescales, but demonstrating the occurrence of triggered eruptions on timescales beyond a few days has proven difficult using global datasets. Here, we use the historic earthquake and eruption records of Chile and the Andean southern volcanic zone to investigate eruption rates following large earthquakes. We show a significant increase in eruption rate following earthquakes of MW > 8, notably in 1906 and 1960, with similar occurrences further back in the record. Eruption rates are enhanced above background levels for ~ 12 months following the 1906 and 1960 earthquakes, with the onset of 3–4 eruptions estimated to have been seismically influenced in each instance. Eruption locations suggest that these effects occur from the near-field to distances of ~ 500 km or more beyond the limits of the earthquake rupture zone. This suggests that both dynamic and static stresses associated with large earthquakes are important in eruption-triggering processes and have the potential to initiate volcanic eruption in arc settings over timescales of several months.

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More information

Published date: 30 January 2009
Keywords: seismic triggering, volcanic eruption, Chile, Andean southern volcanic zone, great earthquake, eruption rates

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 190541
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/190541
ISSN: 0012-821X
PURE UUID: 626cc68c-7c12-4e18-a0e3-90ea726830c3

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Date deposited: 21 Jun 2011 13:02
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 03:40

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Contributors

Author: Sebastian F.L. Watt
Author: David M. Pyle
Author: Tamsin A. Mather

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