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Comparison of chimpanzee and human leukocyte Ig-like receptor genes reveals framework and rapidly evolving genes

Comparison of chimpanzee and human leukocyte Ig-like receptor genes reveals framework and rapidly evolving genes
Comparison of chimpanzee and human leukocyte Ig-like receptor genes reveals framework and rapidly evolving genes
The leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) on human chromosome 19 contains related Ig superfamily killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) and leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LIR) genes. Previously, we discovered much difference in the KIR genes between humans and chimpanzees, primate species estimated to have 98.8% genomic sequence similarity. Here, the common chimpanzee LIR genes are identified, characterized, and compared with their human counterparts. From screening a chimpanzee splenocyte cDNA library, clones corresponding to nine different chimpanzee LIRs were isolated and sequenced.
Analysis of genomic DNA from 48 unrelated chimpanzees showed 42 to have all nine LIR genes, and six animals to lack just one of the genes. In structural diversity and functional type, the chimpanzee LIRs cover the range of human LIRs. Although both species have the same number of inhibitory LIRs, humans have more activating receptors, a trend also seen for KIRs. Four chimpanzee LIRs are clearly orthologs of human LIRs. Five other chimpanzee LIRs have paralogous relationships with clusters of human LIRs and have undergone much recombination. Like the human genes, chimpanzee LIR genes appear to be organized into two duplicated blocks, each block containing two orthologous genes. This organization provides a conserved framework within which there are clusters of faster evolving genes. Human and chimpanzee KIR genes have an analogous arrangement. Whereas both KIR and LIR genes can exhibit greater interspecies differences than the genome average, within each species the LIR gene family is more conserved than the KIR gene family.
0022-1767
5786-5794
Canavez, Flavio
128a4f18-ab4e-4ea1-80a5-6299980437c2
Young, Neil T.
420c5bc3-494e-4840-9af2-dc1b081291b1
Guethlein, Lisbeth A.
bd7bec44-fb02-4c3a-8c2e-0f25561a27ac
Rajalingam, Raja
cfaf4da4-5bac-42ab-a235-8fc700b65987
Khakoo, Salim I.
6c16d2f5-ae80-4d9b-9100-6bfb34ad0273
Shum, Benny P.
b487c075-3263-4489-a5dc-8aa92fab4970
Parham, Peter
85caaa6b-edd8-4239-b69b-b24043d52f9e
Canavez, Flavio
128a4f18-ab4e-4ea1-80a5-6299980437c2
Young, Neil T.
420c5bc3-494e-4840-9af2-dc1b081291b1
Guethlein, Lisbeth A.
bd7bec44-fb02-4c3a-8c2e-0f25561a27ac
Rajalingam, Raja
cfaf4da4-5bac-42ab-a235-8fc700b65987
Khakoo, Salim I.
6c16d2f5-ae80-4d9b-9100-6bfb34ad0273
Shum, Benny P.
b487c075-3263-4489-a5dc-8aa92fab4970
Parham, Peter
85caaa6b-edd8-4239-b69b-b24043d52f9e

Canavez, Flavio, Young, Neil T., Guethlein, Lisbeth A., Rajalingam, Raja, Khakoo, Salim I., Shum, Benny P. and Parham, Peter (2001) Comparison of chimpanzee and human leukocyte Ig-like receptor genes reveals framework and rapidly evolving genes. Journal of Immunology, 167 (10), 5786-5794.

Record type: Article

Abstract

The leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) on human chromosome 19 contains related Ig superfamily killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) and leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LIR) genes. Previously, we discovered much difference in the KIR genes between humans and chimpanzees, primate species estimated to have 98.8% genomic sequence similarity. Here, the common chimpanzee LIR genes are identified, characterized, and compared with their human counterparts. From screening a chimpanzee splenocyte cDNA library, clones corresponding to nine different chimpanzee LIRs were isolated and sequenced.
Analysis of genomic DNA from 48 unrelated chimpanzees showed 42 to have all nine LIR genes, and six animals to lack just one of the genes. In structural diversity and functional type, the chimpanzee LIRs cover the range of human LIRs. Although both species have the same number of inhibitory LIRs, humans have more activating receptors, a trend also seen for KIRs. Four chimpanzee LIRs are clearly orthologs of human LIRs. Five other chimpanzee LIRs have paralogous relationships with clusters of human LIRs and have undergone much recombination. Like the human genes, chimpanzee LIR genes appear to be organized into two duplicated blocks, each block containing two orthologous genes. This organization provides a conserved framework within which there are clusters of faster evolving genes. Human and chimpanzee KIR genes have an analogous arrangement. Whereas both KIR and LIR genes can exhibit greater interspecies differences than the genome average, within each species the LIR gene family is more conserved than the KIR gene family.

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Published date: 2001

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 26980
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/26980
ISSN: 0022-1767
PURE UUID: ddc17f65-ed47-462f-a618-589931d4c544
ORCID for Salim I. Khakoo: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-9091

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Date deposited: 25 Apr 2006
Last modified: 10 May 2023 01:37

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Contributors

Author: Flavio Canavez
Author: Neil T. Young
Author: Lisbeth A. Guethlein
Author: Raja Rajalingam
Author: Salim I. Khakoo ORCID iD
Author: Benny P. Shum
Author: Peter Parham

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