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Undrained sediment loading key to long-runout submarine mass movements: evidence from the Caribbean Volcanic Arc

Undrained sediment loading key to long-runout submarine mass movements: evidence from the Caribbean Volcanic Arc
Undrained sediment loading key to long-runout submarine mass movements: evidence from the Caribbean Volcanic Arc
Long undersea debris runout can be facilitated by a boundary layer formed by weak marine sediments under a moving slide mass. Undrained loading of such offshore sediment results in a profound drop of basal shear resistance, compared to subaerial shear resistance, enabling long undersea runout. Thus large long-runout submarine landslides are not truly enigmatic (Voight and Elsworth 1992, 1997), but are understandable in terms of conventional geotechnical principles. A corollary is that remoulded undrained strength, and not friction angle, should be used for basal resistance in numerical simulations. This hypothesis is testable via drilling and examining the structure at the soles of undersea debris avalanches for indications of incorporation of sheared marine sediments, by tests of soil properties, and by simulations. Such considerations of emplacement process are an aim of ongoing research in the Lesser Antilles (Caribbean Sea), where multiple offshore debris avalanche and dome-collapse debris deposits have been identified since 1999 on swath bathymetric surveys collected in five oceanographic cruises. This paper reviews the prehistoric and historic collapses that have occurred offshore of Antilles arc islands and summarizes ongoing research on emplacement processes.
978-94-007-2161-6
417-428
Springer
Voight, Barry
e90895c6-afff-4220-ba31-31c5880a2d04
Le Friant, Anne
cfb10a7b-5725-4c9e-a3b1-1ad6211c1bb9
Boudon, Georges
e836e5cd-5c6d-45da-bd28-ade2811a2af5
Deplus, Christine
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Komarowski, Jean-Christophe
8a1d1840-8c69-4931-b2d8-ccaa7956b4cb
Lebas, Elodie
11d2e4c2-6875-4ec7-ac4d-086d918eb9a2
Sparkes, R. Stephen J.
7af320c2-46e7-4ea3-b466-4bff3fb7511c
Talling, Peter
1cbac5ec-a9f8-4868-94fe-6203f30b47cf
Trofimovs, Jess
726f4071-00cd-4dbf-850e-60ca693157c4
Yamada, Yasuhiro
Kawamura, Kiichiro
Ikehara, Ken
Ogawa, Yujiro
Urgeles, Roger
Mosher, David
Chaytor, Jason
Strasser, Michael
Voight, Barry
e90895c6-afff-4220-ba31-31c5880a2d04
Le Friant, Anne
cfb10a7b-5725-4c9e-a3b1-1ad6211c1bb9
Boudon, Georges
e836e5cd-5c6d-45da-bd28-ade2811a2af5
Deplus, Christine
6f4143a0-b6c3-4133-ae43-63d92fef367a
Komarowski, Jean-Christophe
8a1d1840-8c69-4931-b2d8-ccaa7956b4cb
Lebas, Elodie
11d2e4c2-6875-4ec7-ac4d-086d918eb9a2
Sparkes, R. Stephen J.
7af320c2-46e7-4ea3-b466-4bff3fb7511c
Talling, Peter
1cbac5ec-a9f8-4868-94fe-6203f30b47cf
Trofimovs, Jess
726f4071-00cd-4dbf-850e-60ca693157c4
Yamada, Yasuhiro
Kawamura, Kiichiro
Ikehara, Ken
Ogawa, Yujiro
Urgeles, Roger
Mosher, David
Chaytor, Jason
Strasser, Michael

Voight, Barry, Le Friant, Anne, Boudon, Georges, Deplus, Christine, Komarowski, Jean-Christophe, Lebas, Elodie, Sparkes, R. Stephen J., Talling, Peter and Trofimovs, Jess (2011) Undrained sediment loading key to long-runout submarine mass movements: evidence from the Caribbean Volcanic Arc. In, Yamada, Yasuhiro, Kawamura, Kiichiro, Ikehara, Ken, Ogawa, Yujiro, Urgeles, Roger, Mosher, David, Chaytor, Jason and Strasser, Michael (eds.) Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences. (Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research Series, 31) Heidelberg, DE. Springer, pp. 417-428. (doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2162-3_37).

Record type: Book Section

Abstract

Long undersea debris runout can be facilitated by a boundary layer formed by weak marine sediments under a moving slide mass. Undrained loading of such offshore sediment results in a profound drop of basal shear resistance, compared to subaerial shear resistance, enabling long undersea runout. Thus large long-runout submarine landslides are not truly enigmatic (Voight and Elsworth 1992, 1997), but are understandable in terms of conventional geotechnical principles. A corollary is that remoulded undrained strength, and not friction angle, should be used for basal resistance in numerical simulations. This hypothesis is testable via drilling and examining the structure at the soles of undersea debris avalanches for indications of incorporation of sheared marine sediments, by tests of soil properties, and by simulations. Such considerations of emplacement process are an aim of ongoing research in the Lesser Antilles (Caribbean Sea), where multiple offshore debris avalanche and dome-collapse debris deposits have been identified since 1999 on swath bathymetric surveys collected in five oceanographic cruises. This paper reviews the prehistoric and historic collapses that have occurred offshore of Antilles arc islands and summarizes ongoing research on emplacement processes.

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Published date: 2011
Organisations: Marine Geoscience

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Local EPrints ID: 300282
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/300282
ISBN: 978-94-007-2161-6
PURE UUID: 3125f461-1bf8-4d48-850d-6fb8005e7c27

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Date deposited: 20 Feb 2012 14:01
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 10:24

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Contributors

Author: Barry Voight
Author: Anne Le Friant
Author: Georges Boudon
Author: Christine Deplus
Author: Jean-Christophe Komarowski
Author: Elodie Lebas
Author: R. Stephen J. Sparkes
Author: Peter Talling
Author: Jess Trofimovs
Editor: Yasuhiro Yamada
Editor: Kiichiro Kawamura
Editor: Ken Ikehara
Editor: Yujiro Ogawa
Editor: Roger Urgeles
Editor: David Mosher
Editor: Jason Chaytor
Editor: Michael Strasser

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