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Expression of pleiotrophin and its receptors in human placenta suggests roles in trophoblast life cycle and angiogenesis

Expression of pleiotrophin and its receptors in human placenta suggests roles in trophoblast life cycle and angiogenesis
Expression of pleiotrophin and its receptors in human placenta suggests roles in trophoblast life cycle and angiogenesis
Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a heparin-binding protein with multiple activities in cell growth, migration and differentiation mediated through multiple receptors. In mammals, PTN expression in trophoblast is found exclusively in the human and in some of the apes in which an endogenous retrovirus upstream of the first coding exon generates a phylogenetically new trophoblast-specific promoter associated with exon UV3. To understand the functions of ERV promoter-mediated trophoblastic PTN expression in pregnancy, we correlated the expression of PTN and its receptors anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta (RPTPbeta/zeta), and Syndecan-1 and Syndecan-3 (SDC1 and SDC3) with key developmental processes in first-trimester human placentation. In an extensive survey of cell lines and primary tissues, we found that trophoblastic transcription of PTN is initiated exclusively from the ERV promoter, whereas decidual expression is initiated at the phylogenetically ancient U1 exon-associated promoter. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that different patterns of overlapping expression of PTN and its receptors occur in different trophoblast subtypes. Notably, a role in angiogenesis is supported by expression of PTN and its receptors in villous mesenchyme, fetal macrophages and villus core fetal vessels. PTN staining of extravillous cytotrophoblasts and the syncytial microvillous membrane is consistent with increasing levels of PTN, as measured by ELISA, in the maternal bloodstream as pregnancy progresses.
pleiotrophin, extravillous trophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, syndecan, receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase, pre-eclampsia
0143-4004
649-653
Ball, M.
aaaf21c0-f8ce-47ae-98d5-08040fcafc5a
Carmody, M.
a26d909f-3a97-40b0-8671-5c0a68de13bc
Wynne, F.
a72825cb-e88a-4805-a2af-f50890eb355f
Dockery, P.
95135fc3-c507-4c45-8106-4c8e88bbef34
Aigner, A.
bbfdf1b8-3700-4286-b09e-04045958bf04
Cameron, I.
f7595539-efa6-4687-b161-e1e93ff710f2
Higgins, J.
c0f7f60e-9dce-4761-8cc8-d88784829003
Alpin, J.D.
f47ae051-1c0d-447d-8981-0dcf9ee1eec8
Moore, T.
48fa3f7f-f433-42a5-ae69-a2ec09468594
Ball, M.
aaaf21c0-f8ce-47ae-98d5-08040fcafc5a
Carmody, M.
a26d909f-3a97-40b0-8671-5c0a68de13bc
Wynne, F.
a72825cb-e88a-4805-a2af-f50890eb355f
Dockery, P.
95135fc3-c507-4c45-8106-4c8e88bbef34
Aigner, A.
bbfdf1b8-3700-4286-b09e-04045958bf04
Cameron, I.
f7595539-efa6-4687-b161-e1e93ff710f2
Higgins, J.
c0f7f60e-9dce-4761-8cc8-d88784829003
Alpin, J.D.
f47ae051-1c0d-447d-8981-0dcf9ee1eec8
Moore, T.
48fa3f7f-f433-42a5-ae69-a2ec09468594

Ball, M., Carmody, M., Wynne, F., Dockery, P., Aigner, A., Cameron, I., Higgins, J., Alpin, J.D. and Moore, T. (2009) Expression of pleiotrophin and its receptors in human placenta suggests roles in trophoblast life cycle and angiogenesis. Placenta, 30 (7), 649-653. (doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2009.05.001). (PMID:19481257)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a heparin-binding protein with multiple activities in cell growth, migration and differentiation mediated through multiple receptors. In mammals, PTN expression in trophoblast is found exclusively in the human and in some of the apes in which an endogenous retrovirus upstream of the first coding exon generates a phylogenetically new trophoblast-specific promoter associated with exon UV3. To understand the functions of ERV promoter-mediated trophoblastic PTN expression in pregnancy, we correlated the expression of PTN and its receptors anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta (RPTPbeta/zeta), and Syndecan-1 and Syndecan-3 (SDC1 and SDC3) with key developmental processes in first-trimester human placentation. In an extensive survey of cell lines and primary tissues, we found that trophoblastic transcription of PTN is initiated exclusively from the ERV promoter, whereas decidual expression is initiated at the phylogenetically ancient U1 exon-associated promoter. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that different patterns of overlapping expression of PTN and its receptors occur in different trophoblast subtypes. Notably, a role in angiogenesis is supported by expression of PTN and its receptors in villous mesenchyme, fetal macrophages and villus core fetal vessels. PTN staining of extravillous cytotrophoblasts and the syncytial microvillous membrane is consistent with increasing levels of PTN, as measured by ELISA, in the maternal bloodstream as pregnancy progresses.

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More information

e-pub ahead of print date: 29 May 2009
Published date: July 2009
Keywords: pleiotrophin, extravillous trophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, syndecan, receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase, pre-eclampsia
Organisations: Human Development & Health

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 337230
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/337230
ISSN: 0143-4004
PURE UUID: 8dbeee18-f647-4b99-a6a4-a79b8cafa586
ORCID for I. Cameron: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-267X

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Date deposited: 19 Apr 2012 14:22
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 02:59

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Contributors

Author: M. Ball
Author: M. Carmody
Author: F. Wynne
Author: P. Dockery
Author: A. Aigner
Author: I. Cameron ORCID iD
Author: J. Higgins
Author: J.D. Alpin
Author: T. Moore

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