The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke in childhood

Risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke in childhood
Risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke in childhood
Stroke affects up to 13 of 100,000 children, is more common in boys and African Americans, and is associated with considerable cognitive and psychiatric morbidity, as well as motor disability. Around half are hemorrhagic and half are ischemic. Underlying conditions include sickle cell disease, cardiac abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities (eg, Down syndrome), and neurocutaneous conditions (eg, neurofibromatosis), but up to half the patients with ischemic stroke have no previously diagnosed condition. Although there is almost certainly an important genetic component to stroke risk, head trauma, infections, drugs and radiation appear to play an etiological role in some patients. The majority of the patients with infarction in an arterial distribution have associated cerebrovascular disease. Vascular pathologies include carotid or vertebrobasilar dissection, intracranial vasculopathy affecting the middle and anterior cerebral arteries, which is often transient, and moyamoya. Intermediate risk factors may include hypertension, hypoxia, and poor nutrition leading, for example, to iron deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia. Some chronic conditions may directly influence the child's behavior and stroke recurrence risk, although large cohorts and randomized controlled trials will be needed before strategies for modification can be evidence-based.
1092-8529
451-464
Kirkham, F.J.
1dfbc0d5-aebe-4439-9fb2-dac6503bcd58
Hogan, Alexandra M.
42ccf5b5-98d7-4ce7-b09a-ea482dfe8447
Kirkham, F.J.
1dfbc0d5-aebe-4439-9fb2-dac6503bcd58
Hogan, Alexandra M.
42ccf5b5-98d7-4ce7-b09a-ea482dfe8447

Kirkham, F.J. and Hogan, Alexandra M. (2004) Risk factors for arterial ischemic stroke in childhood. CNS Spectrums, 9 (6), 451-464. (doi:10.1017/S1092852900009494).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Stroke affects up to 13 of 100,000 children, is more common in boys and African Americans, and is associated with considerable cognitive and psychiatric morbidity, as well as motor disability. Around half are hemorrhagic and half are ischemic. Underlying conditions include sickle cell disease, cardiac abnormalities, chromosomal abnormalities (eg, Down syndrome), and neurocutaneous conditions (eg, neurofibromatosis), but up to half the patients with ischemic stroke have no previously diagnosed condition. Although there is almost certainly an important genetic component to stroke risk, head trauma, infections, drugs and radiation appear to play an etiological role in some patients. The majority of the patients with infarction in an arterial distribution have associated cerebrovascular disease. Vascular pathologies include carotid or vertebrobasilar dissection, intracranial vasculopathy affecting the middle and anterior cerebral arteries, which is often transient, and moyamoya. Intermediate risk factors may include hypertension, hypoxia, and poor nutrition leading, for example, to iron deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia. Some chronic conditions may directly influence the child's behavior and stroke recurrence risk, although large cohorts and randomized controlled trials will be needed before strategies for modification can be evidence-based.

This record has no associated files available for download.

More information

Published date: 6 June 2004

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 40303
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/40303
ISSN: 1092-8529
PURE UUID: 869b9830-3462-468e-911e-c088b6eae657
ORCID for F.J. Kirkham: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-2443-7958

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 05 Jul 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:21

Export record

Altmetrics

Contributors

Author: F.J. Kirkham ORCID iD
Author: Alexandra M. Hogan

Download statistics

Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.

View more statistics

Atom RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0

Contact ePrints Soton: eprints@soton.ac.uk

ePrints Soton supports OAI 2.0 with a base URL of http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/cgi/oai2

This repository has been built using EPrints software, developed at the University of Southampton, but available to everyone to use.

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue without changing your settings, we will assume that you are happy to receive cookies on the University of Southampton website.

×