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Comments on Bona–Massó-type slicing conditions in long-term black hole evolutions

Comments on Bona–Massó-type slicing conditions in long-term black hole evolutions
Comments on Bona–Massó-type slicing conditions in long-term black hole evolutions
We review, without assuming symmetry, why time-independent endstates can be reached in black hole and collapse simulations, with and without excision. Generalizing earlier work in spherical symmetry, we characterize the Killing states of the Bona–Massó slicing condition with time derivative along the normals to the slice ('BMn') as solutions of a mixed elliptic/hyperbolic differential equation on the slice. We show numerically in spherical symmetry that these steady states can be reached as end states from typical initial data with excision but can be reached with the puncture method only if the puncture is not numerically well resolved. As pointed out in [19] the moving puncture method typically uses a shift that systematically underresolves the puncture, and thus this method becomes a type of excision. During the evolution, BMn slicings often form gauge shocks. It may be that these are not seen in current 3D simulations only through the systematic underresolution provided by the shift, although we expect that they can be avoided with some care. Finally we point out that excision with BMn as currently implemented is ill-posed and therefore not expected to converge; this can be cured. In technical appendices, we derive the equations of pure gauge systems on a fixed spacetime, and bring the BSSN/NOR equations into three-dimensional tensor form suitable for multiple coordinate patches or spherical polar coordinates.
0264-9381
075007-[23pp]
Garfinkle, D.
104e7320-3176-414d-94bc-e5d473cf8bce
Gundlach, C.
586f1eb5-3185-4b2b-8656-c29c436040fc
Hilditch, D.
3a138ad2-196e-4edb-97a8-55f8e2933a64
Garfinkle, D.
104e7320-3176-414d-94bc-e5d473cf8bce
Gundlach, C.
586f1eb5-3185-4b2b-8656-c29c436040fc
Hilditch, D.
3a138ad2-196e-4edb-97a8-55f8e2933a64

Garfinkle, D., Gundlach, C. and Hilditch, D. (2008) Comments on Bona–Massó-type slicing conditions in long-term black hole evolutions. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 25 (7), 075007-[23pp]. (doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/7/075007).

Record type: Article

Abstract

We review, without assuming symmetry, why time-independent endstates can be reached in black hole and collapse simulations, with and without excision. Generalizing earlier work in spherical symmetry, we characterize the Killing states of the Bona–Massó slicing condition with time derivative along the normals to the slice ('BMn') as solutions of a mixed elliptic/hyperbolic differential equation on the slice. We show numerically in spherical symmetry that these steady states can be reached as end states from typical initial data with excision but can be reached with the puncture method only if the puncture is not numerically well resolved. As pointed out in [19] the moving puncture method typically uses a shift that systematically underresolves the puncture, and thus this method becomes a type of excision. During the evolution, BMn slicings often form gauge shocks. It may be that these are not seen in current 3D simulations only through the systematic underresolution provided by the shift, although we expect that they can be avoided with some care. Finally we point out that excision with BMn as currently implemented is ill-posed and therefore not expected to converge; this can be cured. In technical appendices, we derive the equations of pure gauge systems on a fixed spacetime, and bring the BSSN/NOR equations into three-dimensional tensor form suitable for multiple coordinate patches or spherical polar coordinates.

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Published date: 2008

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 54067
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/54067
ISSN: 0264-9381
PURE UUID: 3bc0af3c-cb66-4d82-9a3e-3962f8453e59
ORCID for C. Gundlach: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-9585-5375

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Date deposited: 01 Aug 2008
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:15

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Contributors

Author: D. Garfinkle
Author: C. Gundlach ORCID iD
Author: D. Hilditch

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