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Leaf area is stimulated in Populus by free air CO2 enrichment (POPFACE), through increased cell expansion and production

Leaf area is stimulated in Populus by free air CO2 enrichment (POPFACE), through increased cell expansion and production
Leaf area is stimulated in Populus by free air CO2 enrichment (POPFACE), through increased cell expansion and production
The effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on leaf growth in Populus, was studied. For the first time in field conditions, both the production and expansion of leaf cells were shown to be sensitive to atmospheric carbon dioxide. Leaf area expansion rate and final leaf size were stimulated under FACE for three species (Populus x euramericana (I-214), P. nigra (Jean Pourtet) and P. alba (2AS-11), with the largest effect observed for P. x euramericana (61%). In this species and in P. nigra, both epidermal cell size and cell number were increased, whereas for P. alba, only cell production was increased in FACE. Two findings suggest that changes in the cell wall may be important in explaining larger leaf cells in FACE: (i) Leaf cell wall extensibility of rapidly growing leaves increased in all species in FACE; and (ii) an increase in xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity, a cell wall-loosening enzyme, was increased in FACE and associated with leaf growth rate. The results suggest that the mechanisms by which FACE promotes leaf growth differ, depending on species. Despite this, increases in final leaf size provide an important component driving increased biomass accumulation in POPFACE, during this first year of rapid growth, prior to canopy closure. The question as to whether these effects are the result of a direct response to CO2, or are driven indirectly through substrate availability remains unresolved, although evidence from the literature suggests that the latter mechanism is most likely.
Populus, FACE, leaf area, leaf anatomy and biophysics, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase
0140-7791
305-315
Ferris, R.
ee5900a0-3137-4b7c-a9a2-c64b22fade4b
Sabatti, M.
aac0acb7-1700-4e03-a5d6-2ca181fa9551
Miglietta, F.
0fd7ceec-218b-44d3-9926-9c805d38b8a5
Mills, R.F.
12f9aa5c-c263-4ca8-87de-abb1b5d8a76c
Taylor, G.
Ferris, R.
ee5900a0-3137-4b7c-a9a2-c64b22fade4b
Sabatti, M.
aac0acb7-1700-4e03-a5d6-2ca181fa9551
Miglietta, F.
0fd7ceec-218b-44d3-9926-9c805d38b8a5
Mills, R.F.
12f9aa5c-c263-4ca8-87de-abb1b5d8a76c
Taylor, G.

Ferris, R., Sabatti, M., Miglietta, F., Mills, R.F. and Taylor, G. (2001) Leaf area is stimulated in Populus by free air CO2 enrichment (POPFACE), through increased cell expansion and production. Plant, Cell and Environment, 24 (3), 305-315. (doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2001.00684.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

The effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on leaf growth in Populus, was studied. For the first time in field conditions, both the production and expansion of leaf cells were shown to be sensitive to atmospheric carbon dioxide. Leaf area expansion rate and final leaf size were stimulated under FACE for three species (Populus x euramericana (I-214), P. nigra (Jean Pourtet) and P. alba (2AS-11), with the largest effect observed for P. x euramericana (61%). In this species and in P. nigra, both epidermal cell size and cell number were increased, whereas for P. alba, only cell production was increased in FACE. Two findings suggest that changes in the cell wall may be important in explaining larger leaf cells in FACE: (i) Leaf cell wall extensibility of rapidly growing leaves increased in all species in FACE; and (ii) an increase in xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity, a cell wall-loosening enzyme, was increased in FACE and associated with leaf growth rate. The results suggest that the mechanisms by which FACE promotes leaf growth differ, depending on species. Despite this, increases in final leaf size provide an important component driving increased biomass accumulation in POPFACE, during this first year of rapid growth, prior to canopy closure. The question as to whether these effects are the result of a direct response to CO2, or are driven indirectly through substrate availability remains unresolved, although evidence from the literature suggests that the latter mechanism is most likely.

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More information

Published date: 21 December 2001
Keywords: Populus, FACE, leaf area, leaf anatomy and biophysics, xyloglucan endotransglycosylase

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 56196
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/56196
ISSN: 0140-7791
PURE UUID: 336b29fd-bff7-4cf9-8b1d-4dc902c1729d

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Date deposited: 08 Aug 2008
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 11:00

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Contributors

Author: R. Ferris
Author: M. Sabatti
Author: F. Miglietta
Author: R.F. Mills
Author: G. Taylor

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