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Reduction of excitotoxicity and associated leukocyte recruitment by a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor

Reduction of excitotoxicity and associated leukocyte recruitment by a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
Reduction of excitotoxicity and associated leukocyte recruitment by a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
An important step in the cascade leading to neuronal cell death is degradation of laminin and other components of the brain extracellular matrix by microglia-derived proteases. Excitotoxic cell death of murine hippocampal neurones in vivo can be prevented by inhibitors of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or by inhibitors of plasmin. Plasmin is a potent activator of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are made by resident and recruited leukocytes following CNS injury. In this study, we show, using Taqman RT-PCR, that MMP mRNAs, but not other calcium-dependent proteases such as calpain mRNAs, are acutely up-regulated after an excitotoxic challenge in vivo. ?2-antiplasmin or BB-3103, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of the MMPs, co-injected with kainic acid into the striatum, inhibits excitotoxic cell death in the rat striatum, and reduces both the number of recruited macrophages and the size of the lesion. We also show that leukocyte populations differentially express MMPs, which may account, in part, for the expression profile we observe in the challenged brain. Our results show that inhibition of the MMPs in the rat will prevent kainic acid-induced cell death in the brain. These studies suggest that MMP inhibitors have therapeutic potential for use in stroke, and support the increasing evidence that microglial activation may contribute to neuronal cell death.
brain, excitotoxic, MMP, rat
0022-3042
1378-1386
Campbell, Sandra J.
5c85ee6c-22f6-47d9-9e11-21173a9323a5
Finlay, Malcolm
5af5fa35-59b5-4c13-9131-88c14b2cb61a
Clements, John M.
00b36627-4146-442f-a9a4-e130c24cca67
Wells, Graham
0bbfca24-4a55-41f1-92d1-9cde44f13d61
Miller, Karen M.
22c6d6dc-8a03-4aa5-b866-37355e23ff22
Perry, V. Hugh
8f29d36a-8e1f-4082-8700-09483bbaeae4
Anthony, Daniel C.
928249fa-dcf4-4088-b95b-ce14c719164d
Campbell, Sandra J.
5c85ee6c-22f6-47d9-9e11-21173a9323a5
Finlay, Malcolm
5af5fa35-59b5-4c13-9131-88c14b2cb61a
Clements, John M.
00b36627-4146-442f-a9a4-e130c24cca67
Wells, Graham
0bbfca24-4a55-41f1-92d1-9cde44f13d61
Miller, Karen M.
22c6d6dc-8a03-4aa5-b866-37355e23ff22
Perry, V. Hugh
8f29d36a-8e1f-4082-8700-09483bbaeae4
Anthony, Daniel C.
928249fa-dcf4-4088-b95b-ce14c719164d

Campbell, Sandra J., Finlay, Malcolm, Clements, John M., Wells, Graham, Miller, Karen M., Perry, V. Hugh and Anthony, Daniel C. (2004) Reduction of excitotoxicity and associated leukocyte recruitment by a broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Journal of Neurochemistry, 89 (6), 1378-1386. (doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02441.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

An important step in the cascade leading to neuronal cell death is degradation of laminin and other components of the brain extracellular matrix by microglia-derived proteases. Excitotoxic cell death of murine hippocampal neurones in vivo can be prevented by inhibitors of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or by inhibitors of plasmin. Plasmin is a potent activator of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are made by resident and recruited leukocytes following CNS injury. In this study, we show, using Taqman RT-PCR, that MMP mRNAs, but not other calcium-dependent proteases such as calpain mRNAs, are acutely up-regulated after an excitotoxic challenge in vivo. ?2-antiplasmin or BB-3103, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of the MMPs, co-injected with kainic acid into the striatum, inhibits excitotoxic cell death in the rat striatum, and reduces both the number of recruited macrophages and the size of the lesion. We also show that leukocyte populations differentially express MMPs, which may account, in part, for the expression profile we observe in the challenged brain. Our results show that inhibition of the MMPs in the rat will prevent kainic acid-induced cell death in the brain. These studies suggest that MMP inhibitors have therapeutic potential for use in stroke, and support the increasing evidence that microglial activation may contribute to neuronal cell death.

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More information

Published date: June 2004
Keywords: brain, excitotoxic, MMP, rat

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 56461
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/56461
ISSN: 0022-3042
PURE UUID: dd150ea3-660f-4494-b03a-f1c5fe5acfd2

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Date deposited: 07 Aug 2008
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 11:01

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Contributors

Author: Sandra J. Campbell
Author: Malcolm Finlay
Author: John M. Clements
Author: Graham Wells
Author: Karen M. Miller
Author: V. Hugh Perry
Author: Daniel C. Anthony

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