Use of ceramic water filtration in the prevention of diarrheal disease: a randomized controlled trial in rural South Africa and Zimbabwe
Use of ceramic water filtration in the prevention of diarrheal disease: a randomized controlled trial in rural South Africa and Zimbabwe
To determine the effectiveness of ceramic filters in reducing diarrhea, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in Zimbabwe and South Africa, in which 61 of 115 households received ceramic filters. Incidence of non-bloody and bloody diarrhea was recorded daily over 6 months using pictorial diaries for children 24–36 months of age. Poisson regression was used to compare incidence rates in intervention and control households. Adjusted for source quality, intervention household drinking water showed reduced Escherichia coli counts (relative risk, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.89). Zero E. coli were obtained for drinking water in 56.9% of intervention households. The incidence rate ratio for bloody diarrhea was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.09–0.43; P < 0.001) and for non-bloody diarrhea was 0.17 (95% CI, 0.08–0.38; P < 0.001), indicating much lower diarrhea incidence among filter users. The results suggest that ceramic filters are effective in reducing diarrheal disease incidence.
696-701
du Preez, Martella
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Conroy, Ronán M.
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Wright, James A.
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Moyo, Sibonginkosi
e9761588-1bf6-4c8d-9548-65d50c6040e7
Potgieter, Natasha
c7840979-831d-4720-9766-8bfee697ac4c
Gundry, Stephen W.
adb96e13-450c-4b8d-9f36-b6581a0ac220
November 2008
du Preez, Martella
b704af22-3630-4bb7-a688-fc86c46e0614
Conroy, Ronán M.
75b8c8d2-39bf-4aea-a7c3-3e6f21c48c61
Wright, James A.
94990ecf-f8dd-4649-84f2-b28bf272e464
Moyo, Sibonginkosi
e9761588-1bf6-4c8d-9548-65d50c6040e7
Potgieter, Natasha
c7840979-831d-4720-9766-8bfee697ac4c
Gundry, Stephen W.
adb96e13-450c-4b8d-9f36-b6581a0ac220
du Preez, Martella, Conroy, Ronán M., Wright, James A., Moyo, Sibonginkosi, Potgieter, Natasha and Gundry, Stephen W.
(2008)
Use of ceramic water filtration in the prevention of diarrheal disease: a randomized controlled trial in rural South Africa and Zimbabwe.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79 (5), .
Abstract
To determine the effectiveness of ceramic filters in reducing diarrhea, we conducted a randomized controlled trial in Zimbabwe and South Africa, in which 61 of 115 households received ceramic filters. Incidence of non-bloody and bloody diarrhea was recorded daily over 6 months using pictorial diaries for children 24–36 months of age. Poisson regression was used to compare incidence rates in intervention and control households. Adjusted for source quality, intervention household drinking water showed reduced Escherichia coli counts (relative risk, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50–0.89). Zero E. coli were obtained for drinking water in 56.9% of intervention households. The incidence rate ratio for bloody diarrhea was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.09–0.43; P < 0.001) and for non-bloody diarrhea was 0.17 (95% CI, 0.08–0.38; P < 0.001), indicating much lower diarrhea incidence among filter users. The results suggest that ceramic filters are effective in reducing diarrheal disease incidence.
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Published date: November 2008
Organisations:
PHEW – P (Population Health), Remote Sensing & Spatial Analysis
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Local EPrints ID: 64125
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/64125
ISSN: 0002-9637
PURE UUID: 5f759724-6abc-4436-a108-fb05d7fa6f71
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Date deposited: 02 Dec 2008
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:41
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Contributors
Author:
Martella du Preez
Author:
Ronán M. Conroy
Author:
Sibonginkosi Moyo
Author:
Natasha Potgieter
Author:
Stephen W. Gundry
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