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Analysis of dissolved metal fractions in coastal waters: An inter-comparison of five voltammetric in situ profiling (VIP) systems

Analysis of dissolved metal fractions in coastal waters: An inter-comparison of five voltammetric in situ profiling (VIP) systems
Analysis of dissolved metal fractions in coastal waters: An inter-comparison of five voltammetric in situ profiling (VIP) systems
This paper presents the results of an inter-comparison exercise undertaken to test the reliability and performance of a voltammetric in situ profiling system (VIP system) and carried out by partners based in Italy, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. The VIP system was designed to allow in situ simultaneous monitoring of the dynamic fractions (i.e. the maximum potentially bioavailable fractions) of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) in natural waters at a frequency of 2–3 analyses h? 1.

The four participating groups used the VIP systems under laboratory conditions to determine dissolved concentrations of Cu, Pb and Cd in river, estuarine and coastal water reference materials (SLRS-3/4, SLEW-2/3 and CASS3/4, respectively). The accuracy of the VIP method was comparable to that of established methodologies, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and voltammetric methods using mercury-electrodes. The VIP systems were also applied to determine the dynamic fractions of the target analytes in freshly collected samples ex situ, as well as in situ in contrasting European marine waters. There was good agreement between the concentrations of the dynamic metal fractions determined in laboratory analyses, and observed during the simultaneous deployment of up to five VIP instruments for periods of several hours in coastal waters. The simultaneous in situ deployment of two VIP instruments in an estuary showed a consistent analytical performance over several days of continuous operation. The results of this inter-comparison exercise show that the VIP system is a reliable submersible probe for accurate, sensitive and high resolution in situ monitoring of dissolved metal fractions in the picomolar (Cd, Pb) and nanomolar (Cu) concentration ranges.

Trace metals, Metal speciation, In situ measurements, Microsensor, Voltammetry, Speciation, Coastal waters, Intercomparison
0304-4203
47-55
Braungardt, Charlotte B.
c70954c3-9177-4070-ae13-a1042a685dd4
Achterberg, Eric P.
685ce961-8c45-4503-9f03-50f6561202b9
Axelsson, Bertil
5910f6dd-8a56-4b3c-8106-a15996af09d5
Buffle, Jacques
d899d328-ecb8-419b-86f7-8e3ed9fb7e2e
Graziottin, Flavio
d927f995-efdb-4b79-bea5-4d88f9263e25
Howell, Kate A.
0b092752-a1fd-4393-91ca-70f8a7220b84
Illuminati, Silvia
e5ccea92-686e-44e1-99ea-dc0ccbfda83b
Scarponi, Giuseppe
5404c087-d277-4fec-82ea-443edc42a250
Tappin, Alan D.
53eddda3-814d-4e7e-b096-55ce83a7efd7
Tercier-Waeber, Marie-Lou
6e3ef2a9-14e0-4817-b4e1-0a57bfbcfaa1
Turner, David
39dc4dc8-88b4-4950-8bbd-c647ff110ec9
Braungardt, Charlotte B.
c70954c3-9177-4070-ae13-a1042a685dd4
Achterberg, Eric P.
685ce961-8c45-4503-9f03-50f6561202b9
Axelsson, Bertil
5910f6dd-8a56-4b3c-8106-a15996af09d5
Buffle, Jacques
d899d328-ecb8-419b-86f7-8e3ed9fb7e2e
Graziottin, Flavio
d927f995-efdb-4b79-bea5-4d88f9263e25
Howell, Kate A.
0b092752-a1fd-4393-91ca-70f8a7220b84
Illuminati, Silvia
e5ccea92-686e-44e1-99ea-dc0ccbfda83b
Scarponi, Giuseppe
5404c087-d277-4fec-82ea-443edc42a250
Tappin, Alan D.
53eddda3-814d-4e7e-b096-55ce83a7efd7
Tercier-Waeber, Marie-Lou
6e3ef2a9-14e0-4817-b4e1-0a57bfbcfaa1
Turner, David
39dc4dc8-88b4-4950-8bbd-c647ff110ec9

Braungardt, Charlotte B., Achterberg, Eric P., Axelsson, Bertil, Buffle, Jacques, Graziottin, Flavio, Howell, Kate A., Illuminati, Silvia, Scarponi, Giuseppe, Tappin, Alan D., Tercier-Waeber, Marie-Lou and Turner, David (2009) Analysis of dissolved metal fractions in coastal waters: An inter-comparison of five voltammetric in situ profiling (VIP) systems. Marine Chemistry, 114 (1-2), 47-55. (doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2009.03.006).

Record type: Article

Abstract

This paper presents the results of an inter-comparison exercise undertaken to test the reliability and performance of a voltammetric in situ profiling system (VIP system) and carried out by partners based in Italy, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. The VIP system was designed to allow in situ simultaneous monitoring of the dynamic fractions (i.e. the maximum potentially bioavailable fractions) of Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) in natural waters at a frequency of 2–3 analyses h? 1.

The four participating groups used the VIP systems under laboratory conditions to determine dissolved concentrations of Cu, Pb and Cd in river, estuarine and coastal water reference materials (SLRS-3/4, SLEW-2/3 and CASS3/4, respectively). The accuracy of the VIP method was comparable to that of established methodologies, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and voltammetric methods using mercury-electrodes. The VIP systems were also applied to determine the dynamic fractions of the target analytes in freshly collected samples ex situ, as well as in situ in contrasting European marine waters. There was good agreement between the concentrations of the dynamic metal fractions determined in laboratory analyses, and observed during the simultaneous deployment of up to five VIP instruments for periods of several hours in coastal waters. The simultaneous in situ deployment of two VIP instruments in an estuary showed a consistent analytical performance over several days of continuous operation. The results of this inter-comparison exercise show that the VIP system is a reliable submersible probe for accurate, sensitive and high resolution in situ monitoring of dissolved metal fractions in the picomolar (Cd, Pb) and nanomolar (Cu) concentration ranges.

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More information

Published date: 20 April 2009
Keywords: Trace metals, Metal speciation, In situ measurements, Microsensor, Voltammetry, Speciation, Coastal waters, Intercomparison

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 69122
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/69122
ISSN: 0304-4203
PURE UUID: 8421f380-65aa-4a28-bcc2-6f640da91d28

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Date deposited: 19 Oct 2009
Last modified: 13 Mar 2024 19:24

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Contributors

Author: Charlotte B. Braungardt
Author: Bertil Axelsson
Author: Jacques Buffle
Author: Flavio Graziottin
Author: Kate A. Howell
Author: Silvia Illuminati
Author: Giuseppe Scarponi
Author: Alan D. Tappin
Author: Marie-Lou Tercier-Waeber
Author: David Turner

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