Contamination of the coastal waters of Bermuda by organotins and the triazine herbicide Irgarol 1051
Contamination of the coastal waters of Bermuda by organotins and the triazine herbicide Irgarol 1051
A study of the distribution of the 'booster' biocide 2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropyl amino-s-triazine (Irgarol 1051) was carried out in the coastal waters of Bermuda. Irgarol 1051 concentrations (as determined by GC/MS) up to 590 ngl-1 have been measured within Hamilton Harbour. The data presented herein unequivocally demonstrate contamination of the coastal system of Bermuda by Irgarol 1051. Concurrently, TBT concentrations were measured and results indicate that levels are falling through legislated changes in antifouling treatments, from 220 ngl-1 in 1990 to <20 ngl-1 (as Sn) by 1995, in the open water area of Hamilton Harbour. Concentrations of TBT immediately offshore from a boatyard were found to be >600 ngl-1 (Sn), indicating continuing release due to painting operations and sediments in the area.
Irgarol 1051, organotins, Bermuda, antifouling substances, coastal zone, environmental impact
409-414
Connelly, D.P.
d49131bb-af38-4768-9953-7ae0b43e33c8
Readman, J.W.
8ad345fc-ee18-4fe6-b691-550b7f010ade
Knap, A.H.
efc1dabf-e1e7-4e17-84a4-af0a25962747
Davies, J.
8c5ccf04-6718-47c9-8296-b051d4f12acf
2001
Connelly, D.P.
d49131bb-af38-4768-9953-7ae0b43e33c8
Readman, J.W.
8ad345fc-ee18-4fe6-b691-550b7f010ade
Knap, A.H.
efc1dabf-e1e7-4e17-84a4-af0a25962747
Davies, J.
8c5ccf04-6718-47c9-8296-b051d4f12acf
Connelly, D.P., Readman, J.W., Knap, A.H. and Davies, J.
(2001)
Contamination of the coastal waters of Bermuda by organotins and the triazine herbicide Irgarol 1051.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 42 (5), .
(doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00171-5).
Abstract
A study of the distribution of the 'booster' biocide 2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropyl amino-s-triazine (Irgarol 1051) was carried out in the coastal waters of Bermuda. Irgarol 1051 concentrations (as determined by GC/MS) up to 590 ngl-1 have been measured within Hamilton Harbour. The data presented herein unequivocally demonstrate contamination of the coastal system of Bermuda by Irgarol 1051. Concurrently, TBT concentrations were measured and results indicate that levels are falling through legislated changes in antifouling treatments, from 220 ngl-1 in 1990 to <20 ngl-1 (as Sn) by 1995, in the open water area of Hamilton Harbour. Concentrations of TBT immediately offshore from a boatyard were found to be >600 ngl-1 (Sn), indicating continuing release due to painting operations and sediments in the area.
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Published date: 2001
Keywords:
Irgarol 1051, organotins, Bermuda, antifouling substances, coastal zone, environmental impact
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 1245
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/1245
ISSN: 0025-326X
PURE UUID: f87d336c-a4b1-4fdf-81d6-34b4ffb0fbb5
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Date deposited: 06 Apr 2004
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 04:42
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Contributors
Author:
D.P. Connelly
Author:
J.W. Readman
Author:
A.H. Knap
Author:
J. Davies
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