Cervical lymph nodes are found in direct relationship with the internal carotid artery: Significance for the lymphatic drainage of the brain
Cervical lymph nodes are found in direct relationship with the internal carotid artery: Significance for the lymphatic drainage of the brain
The brain has no conventional lymphatics, but solutes injected into it drain along artery walls and reach lymph nodes in the neck. This study seeks to identify cervical lymph nodes related to the human internal carotid artery (ICA) that could act as the first regional lymph nodes for the brain. Bilateral dissections were carried out on four embalmed human heads, from the level of the carotid bifurcation in the neck, to the base of the skull. Lymph nodes from every specimen were processed for histological examination. A total of 51 deep cervical lymph nodes were identified: 12 lymph nodes (confirmed by histological examination) were observed to be in direct relationship with the ICA. These lymph nodes were found within the carotid sheath and had average diameters of 13.5 × 4.8 mm. Solutes and interstitial fluid from the brain may drain along the walls of cerebral arteries and reach these lymph nodes. They may be sites of stimulation of immune responses against antigens from the brain.
lymph nodes, carotid sheath, internal carotid artery, brain, immune responses, interstitial fluid, perivascular, A?
43-47
Clapham, R.
b59d63ae-5803-46ac-91df-f8289622c711
O'Sullivan, E.
400be0c4-e2b2-49d4-a7f6-fc3d20cd224b
Weller, Roy
4a501831-e38a-4d39-a125-d7141d6c667b
Carare, Roxana Octavia
0478c197-b0c1-4206-acae-54e88c8f21fa
13 November 2009
Clapham, R.
b59d63ae-5803-46ac-91df-f8289622c711
O'Sullivan, E.
400be0c4-e2b2-49d4-a7f6-fc3d20cd224b
Weller, Roy
4a501831-e38a-4d39-a125-d7141d6c667b
Carare, Roxana Octavia
0478c197-b0c1-4206-acae-54e88c8f21fa
Clapham, R., O'Sullivan, E., Weller, Roy and Carare, Roxana Octavia
(2009)
Cervical lymph nodes are found in direct relationship with the internal carotid artery: Significance for the lymphatic drainage of the brain.
Clinical Anatomy, 23 (1), .
(doi:10.1002/ca.20887).
(PMID:19918869)
Abstract
The brain has no conventional lymphatics, but solutes injected into it drain along artery walls and reach lymph nodes in the neck. This study seeks to identify cervical lymph nodes related to the human internal carotid artery (ICA) that could act as the first regional lymph nodes for the brain. Bilateral dissections were carried out on four embalmed human heads, from the level of the carotid bifurcation in the neck, to the base of the skull. Lymph nodes from every specimen were processed for histological examination. A total of 51 deep cervical lymph nodes were identified: 12 lymph nodes (confirmed by histological examination) were observed to be in direct relationship with the ICA. These lymph nodes were found within the carotid sheath and had average diameters of 13.5 × 4.8 mm. Solutes and interstitial fluid from the brain may drain along the walls of cerebral arteries and reach these lymph nodes. They may be sites of stimulation of immune responses against antigens from the brain.
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Published date: 13 November 2009
Keywords:
lymph nodes, carotid sheath, internal carotid artery, brain, immune responses, interstitial fluid, perivascular, A?
Organisations:
Clinical Neurosciences
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Local EPrints ID: 142315
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/142315
ISSN: 0897-3806
PURE UUID: 67ade3cf-a9e5-4e29-8391-e7629d4bdfd9
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Date deposited: 31 Mar 2010 14:25
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:42
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Author:
R. Clapham
Author:
E. O'Sullivan
Author:
Roy Weller
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