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DOMINO-AD protocol: donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease - a multicentre RCT

DOMINO-AD protocol: donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease - a multicentre RCT
DOMINO-AD protocol: donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease - a multicentre RCT
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, are the drug class with the best evidence of efficacy, licensed for mild to moderate AD, while the glutamate antagonist memantine has been widely prescribed, often in the later stages of AD. Memantine is licensed for moderate to severe dementia in AD but is not recommended by the England and Wales National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. However, there is little evidence to guide clinicians as to what to prescribe as AD advances; in particular, what to do as the condition progresses from moderate to severe. Options include continuing cholinesterase inhibitors irrespective of decline, adding memantine to cholinesterase inhibitors, or prescribing memantine instead of cholinesterase inhibitors. The aim of this trial is to establish the most effective drug option for people with AD who are progressing from moderate to severe dementia despite treatment with donepezil.

Method: DOMINO-AD is a pragmatic, 15 centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. Patients with AD, currently living at home, receiving donepezil 10 mg daily, and with Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE) scores between 5 and 13 are being recruited. Each is randomized to one of four treatment options: continuation of donepezil with memantine placebo added; switch to memantine with donepezil placebo added; donepezil and memantine together; or donepezil placebo with memantine placebo. 800 participants are being recruited and treatment continues for one year. Primary outcome measures are cognition (SMMSE) and activities of daily living (Bristol Activities of Daily Living Scale). Secondary outcomes are non-cognitive dementia symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory), health related quality of life (EQ-5D and DEMQOL-proxy), carer burden (General Health Questionnaire-12), cost effectiveness (using Client Service Receipt Inventory) and institutionalization. These outcomes are assessed at baseline, 6, 18, 30 and 52 weeks. All participants will be subsequently followed for 3 years by telephone interview to record institutionalization.

Discussion: There is considerable debate about the clinical and cost effectiveness of anti-dementia drugs. DOMINO-AD seeks to provide clear evidence on the best treatment strategies for those managing patients at a particularly important clinical transition point.

Trial registration: Current controlled trials ISRCTN49545035.
1745-6215
57
Jones, Rob
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Sheehan, Bart
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Phillips, Patrick
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Juszczak, Ed
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Adams, Jessica
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Baldwin, Ashley
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Ballard, Clive
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Banerjee, Sube
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Barber, Bob
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Bentham, Peter
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Brown, Richard
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Burns, Alistair
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Dening, Tom
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Findlay, David
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Gray, Richard
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Griffin, Mary
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Holmes, Clive
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Hughes, Alan
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Jacoby, Robin
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Johnson, Tony
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Jones, Roy
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Knapp, Martin
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Lindesay, James
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McKeith, Ian
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McShane, Rupert
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Macharouthu, Ajay
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O'Brien, John
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Onions, Caroline
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Passmore, Peter
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Raftery, James
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Ritchie, Craig
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Howard, Rob
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Jones, Rob
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Sheehan, Bart
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Phillips, Patrick
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Juszczak, Ed
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Adams, Jessica
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Baldwin, Ashley
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Ballard, Clive
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Banerjee, Sube
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Barber, Bob
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Bentham, Peter
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Brown, Richard
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Burns, Alistair
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Dening, Tom
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Findlay, David
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Gray, Richard
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Griffin, Mary
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Holmes, Clive
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Hughes, Alan
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Jacoby, Robin
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Johnson, Tony
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Jones, Roy
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Knapp, Martin
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Lindesay, James
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McKeith, Ian
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McShane, Rupert
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Macharouthu, Ajay
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O'Brien, John
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Onions, Caroline
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Passmore, Peter
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Raftery, James
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Ritchie, Craig
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Howard, Rob
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Jones, Rob, Sheehan, Bart, Phillips, Patrick, Juszczak, Ed, Adams, Jessica, Baldwin, Ashley, Ballard, Clive, Banerjee, Sube, Barber, Bob, Bentham, Peter, Brown, Richard, Burns, Alistair, Dening, Tom, Findlay, David, Gray, Richard, Griffin, Mary, Holmes, Clive, Hughes, Alan, Jacoby, Robin, Johnson, Tony, Jones, Roy, Knapp, Martin, Lindesay, James, McKeith, Ian, McShane, Rupert, Macharouthu, Ajay, O'Brien, John, Onions, Caroline, Passmore, Peter, Raftery, James, Ritchie, Craig and Howard, Rob (2009) DOMINO-AD protocol: donepezil and memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease - a multicentre RCT. Trials, 10, 57. (doi:10.1186/1745-6215-10-57).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia. Cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, are the drug class with the best evidence of efficacy, licensed for mild to moderate AD, while the glutamate antagonist memantine has been widely prescribed, often in the later stages of AD. Memantine is licensed for moderate to severe dementia in AD but is not recommended by the England and Wales National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. However, there is little evidence to guide clinicians as to what to prescribe as AD advances; in particular, what to do as the condition progresses from moderate to severe. Options include continuing cholinesterase inhibitors irrespective of decline, adding memantine to cholinesterase inhibitors, or prescribing memantine instead of cholinesterase inhibitors. The aim of this trial is to establish the most effective drug option for people with AD who are progressing from moderate to severe dementia despite treatment with donepezil.

Method: DOMINO-AD is a pragmatic, 15 centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. Patients with AD, currently living at home, receiving donepezil 10 mg daily, and with Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE) scores between 5 and 13 are being recruited. Each is randomized to one of four treatment options: continuation of donepezil with memantine placebo added; switch to memantine with donepezil placebo added; donepezil and memantine together; or donepezil placebo with memantine placebo. 800 participants are being recruited and treatment continues for one year. Primary outcome measures are cognition (SMMSE) and activities of daily living (Bristol Activities of Daily Living Scale). Secondary outcomes are non-cognitive dementia symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory), health related quality of life (EQ-5D and DEMQOL-proxy), carer burden (General Health Questionnaire-12), cost effectiveness (using Client Service Receipt Inventory) and institutionalization. These outcomes are assessed at baseline, 6, 18, 30 and 52 weeks. All participants will be subsequently followed for 3 years by telephone interview to record institutionalization.

Discussion: There is considerable debate about the clinical and cost effectiveness of anti-dementia drugs. DOMINO-AD seeks to provide clear evidence on the best treatment strategies for those managing patients at a particularly important clinical transition point.

Trial registration: Current controlled trials ISRCTN49545035.

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More information

Published date: 24 July 2009

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 152521
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/152521
ISSN: 1745-6215
PURE UUID: b6456308-5713-4d5c-85b8-04c3639ba4fb
ORCID for Clive Holmes: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-6912

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 14 May 2010 15:25
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:43

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Contributors

Author: Rob Jones
Author: Bart Sheehan
Author: Patrick Phillips
Author: Ed Juszczak
Author: Jessica Adams
Author: Ashley Baldwin
Author: Clive Ballard
Author: Sube Banerjee
Author: Bob Barber
Author: Peter Bentham
Author: Richard Brown
Author: Alistair Burns
Author: Tom Dening
Author: David Findlay
Author: Richard Gray
Author: Mary Griffin
Author: Clive Holmes ORCID iD
Author: Alan Hughes
Author: Robin Jacoby
Author: Tony Johnson
Author: Roy Jones
Author: Martin Knapp
Author: James Lindesay
Author: Ian McKeith
Author: Rupert McShane
Author: Ajay Macharouthu
Author: John O'Brien
Author: Caroline Onions
Author: Peter Passmore
Author: James Raftery
Author: Craig Ritchie
Author: Rob Howard

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