Interactions of dietary whole-grain intake with fasting glucose-and insulin-related genetic loci in individuals of European descent: a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies
Interactions of dietary whole-grain intake with fasting glucose-and insulin-related genetic loci in individuals of European descent: a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies
Objective: Whole grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes risk. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in individuals free of diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that whole grain food intake and genetic variation interact to influence concentrations of fasting glucose and insulin.
Research Design & Methods: Via meta-analysis of data from 14 cohorts comprising approximately 48,000 participants of European descent, we studied interactions of whole grain intake with loci previously associated in GWAS with fasting glucose (16 loci) and/or insulin (2 loci) concentrations. For tests of interaction, we considered a p-value <0.0028 (0.05/18 tests) as statistically significant.
Results: Greater whole grain food intake was associated with lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations independent of demographics, other dietary and lifestyle factors, and BMI (? [95% CI] per 1-serving greater whole grain intake: ?0.009 mmol/L glucose [?0.013, ?0.005], p <0.0001 and ?0.011 pmol/L (ln) insulin [?0.015, ?0.007], p =0.0003). No interactions met our multiple testing-adjusted statistical significance threshold. The strongest SNP interaction with whole grain intake was rs780094 (GCKR) for fasting insulin (p = 0.006), where greater whole grain intake was associated with a smaller reduction in fasting insulin concentrations in those with the insulin-raising allele.
Conclusions: Our results support the favorable association of whole grain intake with fasting glucose and insulin and suggest potential interaction between variation in GCKR and whole grain intake in influencing fasting insulin concentrations.
2684-2691
Nettleton, Jennifer A.
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McKeown, Nicola M.
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Kanoni, Stavroula
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Lemaitre, Rozenn N.
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Hivert, Marie-France
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Ngwa, Julius
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van Rooij, Frank J.A.
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Sonestedt, Emily
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Wojczynski, Mary K
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Ye, Zheng
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Tanaka, Tosh
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Garcia, M.
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Anderson, J.S.
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Follis, J.L
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Djousse, L.
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Mukamal, K.
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Papoutsakis, C.
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Mozaffarian, D.
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Zillikens, M.C.
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Bandinelli, S.
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Bennett, A.J.
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Borecki, I.B.
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Feitosa, M.F.
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Ferrucci, L.
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Forouhi, N.G.
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Groves, C.J.
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Hallmans, G.
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Harris, T.
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Hofman, A.
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Houston, D.K.
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Hu, F.B.
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Johansson, I.
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Kritchevsky, S.B.
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Langenberg, C.
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Launer, L.
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Liu, Y.
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Loos, R.J.
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Nalls, M.
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Orho-Melander, M.
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Renstrom, F.
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Rice, K.
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Riserus, U.
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Rolandsson, O.
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Rotter, J.I.
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Saylor, G.
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Sijbrands, E.J.
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Sjogren, P.
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Sayer, A.A.
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Syddall, H.
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Cooper, C.
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CHARGE Whole Grain Foods Study Group
December 2010
Nettleton, Jennifer A.
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McKeown, Nicola M.
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Kanoni, Stavroula
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Lemaitre, Rozenn N.
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Hivert, Marie-France
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Ngwa, Julius
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van Rooij, Frank J.A.
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Sonestedt, Emily
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Wojczynski, Mary K
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Ye, Zheng
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Tanaka, Tosh
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Garcia, M.
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Anderson, J.S.
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Follis, J.L
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Djousse, L.
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Mukamal, K.
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Papoutsakis, C.
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Mozaffarian, D.
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Zillikens, M.C.
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Bandinelli, S.
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Bennett, A.J.
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Borecki, I.B.
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Feitosa, M.F.
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Ferrucci, L.
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Forouhi, N.G.
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Groves, C.J.
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Hallmans, G.
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Harris, T.
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Hofman, A.
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Houston, D.K.
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Hu, F.B.
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Johansson, I.
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Kritchevsky, S.B.
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Langenberg, C.
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Launer, L.
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Liu, Y.
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Loos, R.J.
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Nalls, M.
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Orho-Melander, M.
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Renstrom, F.
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Rice, K.
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Riserus, U.
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Rolandsson, O.
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Rotter, J.I.
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Saylor, G.
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Sijbrands, E.J.
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Sayer, A.A.
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Syddall, H.
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Cooper, C.
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