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The X-ray structure of the plant like 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase from Chlorobium vibrioforme complexed with the inhibitor laevulinic acid at 2.6 angstrom resolution

The X-ray structure of the plant like 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase from Chlorobium vibrioforme complexed with the inhibitor laevulinic acid at 2.6 angstrom resolution
The X-ray structure of the plant like 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase from Chlorobium vibrioforme complexed with the inhibitor laevulinic acid at 2.6 angstrom resolution
5-Aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), an early enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, catalyses the dimerisation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid to form the pyrrole, porphobilinogen. ALAD from Chlorobium vibrioforme is shown to form a homo-octameric structure with 422 symmetry in which each subunit adopts a TIM-barrel fold with a 30 residue N-terminal arm extension. Pairs of monomers associate with their arms wrapped around each other. Four of these dimers interact principally via their arm regions to form octamers in which each active site is located on the surface. The active site contains two invariant lysine residues (200 and 253), one of which (Lys253) forms a Schiff base link with the bound substrate analogue, laevulinic acid. The carboxyl group of the laevulinic acid forms hydrogen bonds with the side-chains of Ser279 and Tyr318. The structure was examined to determine the location of the putative active-site magnesium ion, however, no evidence for the metal ion was found in the electron density map. This is in agreement with previous kinetic studies that have shown that magnesium stimulates but is not required for activity. A different site close to the active site flap, in which a putative magnesium ion is coordinated by a glutamate carboxyl and five solvent molecules may account for the stimulatory properties of magnesium ions on the enzyme.
biosynthesis, 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase, porphobilinogen synthase
0022-2836
563-570
Coates, Leighton
e12c156a-f9aa-4095-8eb9-aeb692d8d9ba
Beaven, Gordon
89d8ff78-606f-417d-957c-a54d82c16bcc
Erskine, Peter T.
3d02d639-3f90-4e33-b880-c884528af09c
Beale, Samuel I.
7920c878-570e-45bd-8aec-aecac2ebefda
Avissar, Yael J.
5f2c96f4-2c19-4054-838e-138a354bbc96
Gill, Raj
25147ada-7138-486a-bf2d-38cfb3679586
Mohammed, Fiyaz
e882827a-eabb-458f-9d8e-8f9814563618
Wood, Steve P.
1ca39929-412b-4648-9d08-24c2d9259adf
Shoolingin-Jordan, Peter
ac0bf2cc-ee36-4b30-bcef-525cee2559f7
Cooper, Jon P.
60c48ad0-2eaa-421f-92aa-4eb506248bd9
Coates, Leighton
e12c156a-f9aa-4095-8eb9-aeb692d8d9ba
Beaven, Gordon
89d8ff78-606f-417d-957c-a54d82c16bcc
Erskine, Peter T.
3d02d639-3f90-4e33-b880-c884528af09c
Beale, Samuel I.
7920c878-570e-45bd-8aec-aecac2ebefda
Avissar, Yael J.
5f2c96f4-2c19-4054-838e-138a354bbc96
Gill, Raj
25147ada-7138-486a-bf2d-38cfb3679586
Mohammed, Fiyaz
e882827a-eabb-458f-9d8e-8f9814563618
Wood, Steve P.
1ca39929-412b-4648-9d08-24c2d9259adf
Shoolingin-Jordan, Peter
ac0bf2cc-ee36-4b30-bcef-525cee2559f7
Cooper, Jon P.
60c48ad0-2eaa-421f-92aa-4eb506248bd9

Coates, Leighton, Beaven, Gordon, Erskine, Peter T., Beale, Samuel I., Avissar, Yael J., Gill, Raj, Mohammed, Fiyaz, Wood, Steve P., Shoolingin-Jordan, Peter and Cooper, Jon P. (2004) The X-ray structure of the plant like 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase from Chlorobium vibrioforme complexed with the inhibitor laevulinic acid at 2.6 angstrom resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology, 342 (2), 563-570. (doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.07.007).

Record type: Article

Abstract

5-Aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), an early enzyme of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway, catalyses the dimerisation of 5-aminolaevulinic acid to form the pyrrole, porphobilinogen. ALAD from Chlorobium vibrioforme is shown to form a homo-octameric structure with 422 symmetry in which each subunit adopts a TIM-barrel fold with a 30 residue N-terminal arm extension. Pairs of monomers associate with their arms wrapped around each other. Four of these dimers interact principally via their arm regions to form octamers in which each active site is located on the surface. The active site contains two invariant lysine residues (200 and 253), one of which (Lys253) forms a Schiff base link with the bound substrate analogue, laevulinic acid. The carboxyl group of the laevulinic acid forms hydrogen bonds with the side-chains of Ser279 and Tyr318. The structure was examined to determine the location of the putative active-site magnesium ion, however, no evidence for the metal ion was found in the electron density map. This is in agreement with previous kinetic studies that have shown that magnesium stimulates but is not required for activity. A different site close to the active site flap, in which a putative magnesium ion is coordinated by a glutamate carboxyl and five solvent molecules may account for the stimulatory properties of magnesium ions on the enzyme.

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Published date: 10 September 2004
Keywords: biosynthesis, 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase, porphobilinogen synthase
Organisations: Biological Sciences

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Local EPrints ID: 24104
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/24104
ISSN: 0022-2836
PURE UUID: 5d53f1ad-6518-445f-a752-37573b92070b

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Date deposited: 22 Mar 2006
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 06:52

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Contributors

Author: Leighton Coates
Author: Gordon Beaven
Author: Peter T. Erskine
Author: Samuel I. Beale
Author: Yael J. Avissar
Author: Raj Gill
Author: Fiyaz Mohammed
Author: Steve P. Wood
Author: Jon P. Cooper

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