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The role of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in glucose homeostasis

The role of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in glucose homeostasis
The role of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in glucose homeostasis
Homeostatic mechanisms normally maintain the plasma glucose concentration within narrow limits despite major fluctuations in supply and demand. There is increasing evidence that the growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis may play an important role in glucose metabolism. GH has potent effects on intermediary metabolism, some of which antagonize the actions of insulin. In contrast, IGF-I has insulin-like actions, which are, in the case of glucose metabolism, opposite to those of GH. There is often deranged glucose metabolism in situations where GH is deficient or in excess. The clinical administration of GH or IGF-I results in altered glucose metabolism and changes in insulin resistance. Despite these observations, the precise role of GH and IGF-I and their interactions with insulin in controlling normal glucose homeostasis are unknown. In diabetes, GH secretion is abnormally increased as a result of reduced portal insulin resulting in impaired hepatic IGF-I generation. Evidence suggests that this may contribute to the development of diabetic microvascular complications. IGF-I 'replacement' in diabetes is under investigation and new methods of delivering IGF-I as a complex with IGFBP-3 offer exciting new prospects.
growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, glucose metabolism, growth hormone deficiency, insulin resistance
0742-3071
3-15
Holt, R.I.G.
d54202e1-fcf6-4a17-a320-9f32d7024393
Simpson, H.L.
c6904059-8000-44c7-94ae-f26fad91cf37
Sönksen, P.H.
e2efe20d-b58b-4767-aa12-49f55ed2063a
Holt, R.I.G.
d54202e1-fcf6-4a17-a320-9f32d7024393
Simpson, H.L.
c6904059-8000-44c7-94ae-f26fad91cf37
Sönksen, P.H.
e2efe20d-b58b-4767-aa12-49f55ed2063a

Holt, R.I.G., Simpson, H.L. and Sönksen, P.H. (2003) The role of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in glucose homeostasis. Diabetic Medicine, 20 (1), 3-15. (doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2003.00827.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Homeostatic mechanisms normally maintain the plasma glucose concentration within narrow limits despite major fluctuations in supply and demand. There is increasing evidence that the growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis may play an important role in glucose metabolism. GH has potent effects on intermediary metabolism, some of which antagonize the actions of insulin. In contrast, IGF-I has insulin-like actions, which are, in the case of glucose metabolism, opposite to those of GH. There is often deranged glucose metabolism in situations where GH is deficient or in excess. The clinical administration of GH or IGF-I results in altered glucose metabolism and changes in insulin resistance. Despite these observations, the precise role of GH and IGF-I and their interactions with insulin in controlling normal glucose homeostasis are unknown. In diabetes, GH secretion is abnormally increased as a result of reduced portal insulin resulting in impaired hepatic IGF-I generation. Evidence suggests that this may contribute to the development of diabetic microvascular complications. IGF-I 'replacement' in diabetes is under investigation and new methods of delivering IGF-I as a complex with IGFBP-3 offer exciting new prospects.

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More information

Published date: January 2003
Keywords: growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, glucose metabolism, growth hormone deficiency, insulin resistance

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 25623
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/25623
ISSN: 0742-3071
PURE UUID: 8fcfc585-280c-4a56-bb26-0baa51fac0a8
ORCID for R.I.G. Holt: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-8911-6744

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 07 Apr 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 03:19

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Contributors

Author: R.I.G. Holt ORCID iD
Author: H.L. Simpson
Author: P.H. Sönksen

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