Anthropometric indicators of body composition in young adults: relation to size at birth and serial measurements of body mass index in childhood in the New Delhi birth cohort
Anthropometric indicators of body composition in young adults: relation to size at birth and serial measurements of body mass index in childhood in the New Delhi birth cohort
Background: South Asians have a muscle-thin but adipose body phenotype and high rates of obesity-related disease. Adult body composition may be predictable in early life.
Objective: Anthropometric indexes of adult body composition were examined in relation to birth size and body mass index (BMI) during childhood.
Design: A population-based cohort of 1526 men and women aged 26–32 y in Delhi, India, who were measured sequentially from birth until 21 y of age were followed up. Adult weight, height, skinfold thicknesses, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. BMI and indexes of adiposity (sum of skinfold thicknesses), central adiposity (waist-hip ratio), and lean mass (residual values after adjustment of BMI for skinfold thicknesses and height) were derived.
Results: Mean birth weight was 2851 g. As children, many subjects were underweight-for-age (>2 SDs below the National Center for Health Statistics mean; 53% at 2 y), but as adults, 47% were overweight, 11% were obese, and 51% were centrally obese (according to World Health Organization criteria). Birth weight was positively related to adult lean mass (P < 0.001) and, in women only, to adiposity (P = 0.006) but was unrelated to central adiposity. BMI from birth to age 21 y was increasingly strongly positively correlated with all outcomes. BMI and BMI gain in infancy and early childhood were correlated more strongly with adult lean mass than with adiposity or central adiposity. Higher BMI and greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence were associated with increased adult adiposity and central adiposity.
Conclusions: Birth weight and BMI gain during infancy and early childhood predict adult lean mass more strongly than adult adiposity. Greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence predicts increased adult adiposity.
body composition, lean mass, obesity, developmental origins of adult disease, birth weight, childhood growth, nutritional transition, india
456-466
Sachdev, Harshpal S.
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Fall, Caroline H.D.
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Osmond, Clive
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Lakshmy, Ramakrishnan
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Dey Biswas, Sushant K.
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Leary, Samantha D.
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Reddy, Kolli Srinath
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Barker, David J.P.
5c773838-b094-4ac1-999b-b5869717f243
Bhargava, Santosh K.
3932b4c9-c07d-472c-b54d-622306357475
August 2005
Sachdev, Harshpal S.
86c675fa-f58e-4a76-bf55-0972435519ab
Fall, Caroline H.D.
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18
Osmond, Clive
2677bf85-494f-4a78-adf8-580e1b8acb81
Lakshmy, Ramakrishnan
7d4935a2-21b5-4d6b-8a4d-b35a02140927
Dey Biswas, Sushant K.
095f2fa3-b629-4bb8-9676-a2833be5a28d
Leary, Samantha D.
396fbfba-d22b-4725-ba2f-6cf551588570
Reddy, Kolli Srinath
f0a1c7d2-5b81-433a-a068-0ea9bd8bf33e
Barker, David J.P.
5c773838-b094-4ac1-999b-b5869717f243
Bhargava, Santosh K.
3932b4c9-c07d-472c-b54d-622306357475
Sachdev, Harshpal S., Fall, Caroline H.D., Osmond, Clive, Lakshmy, Ramakrishnan, Dey Biswas, Sushant K., Leary, Samantha D., Reddy, Kolli Srinath, Barker, David J.P. and Bhargava, Santosh K.
(2005)
Anthropometric indicators of body composition in young adults: relation to size at birth and serial measurements of body mass index in childhood in the New Delhi birth cohort.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82 (2), .
Abstract
Background: South Asians have a muscle-thin but adipose body phenotype and high rates of obesity-related disease. Adult body composition may be predictable in early life.
Objective: Anthropometric indexes of adult body composition were examined in relation to birth size and body mass index (BMI) during childhood.
Design: A population-based cohort of 1526 men and women aged 26–32 y in Delhi, India, who were measured sequentially from birth until 21 y of age were followed up. Adult weight, height, skinfold thicknesses, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. BMI and indexes of adiposity (sum of skinfold thicknesses), central adiposity (waist-hip ratio), and lean mass (residual values after adjustment of BMI for skinfold thicknesses and height) were derived.
Results: Mean birth weight was 2851 g. As children, many subjects were underweight-for-age (>2 SDs below the National Center for Health Statistics mean; 53% at 2 y), but as adults, 47% were overweight, 11% were obese, and 51% were centrally obese (according to World Health Organization criteria). Birth weight was positively related to adult lean mass (P < 0.001) and, in women only, to adiposity (P = 0.006) but was unrelated to central adiposity. BMI from birth to age 21 y was increasingly strongly positively correlated with all outcomes. BMI and BMI gain in infancy and early childhood were correlated more strongly with adult lean mass than with adiposity or central adiposity. Higher BMI and greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence were associated with increased adult adiposity and central adiposity.
Conclusions: Birth weight and BMI gain during infancy and early childhood predict adult lean mass more strongly than adult adiposity. Greater BMI gain in late childhood and adolescence predicts increased adult adiposity.
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Published date: August 2005
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Original research communication
Keywords:
body composition, lean mass, obesity, developmental origins of adult disease, birth weight, childhood growth, nutritional transition, india
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Local EPrints ID: 25967
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/25967
ISSN: 0002-9165
PURE UUID: 93362936-8147-4bb7-af7c-4289c779fca6
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Date deposited: 21 Apr 2006
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:50
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Contributors
Author:
Harshpal S. Sachdev
Author:
Ramakrishnan Lakshmy
Author:
Sushant K. Dey Biswas
Author:
Samantha D. Leary
Author:
Kolli Srinath Reddy
Author:
David J.P. Barker
Author:
Santosh K. Bhargava
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