Packet-reliability-based decode-and-forward distributed space-time shift keying

Abstract

Motivated by the recent concept of Spatial Modulation (SM), we propose a novel Distributed Space-Time Shift Keying (D–STSK) scheme, where the SM concept is extended to include both the space and time dimensions for the sake of achieving a flexible tradeoff between the multiplexing and diversity gains, in the context of cooperative space-time transmissions. More specifically, in our D–STSK scheme each Relay Node (RN) activates Decode-and-Forward (DF) transmissions, depending on the success or failure of Cyclic Redundancy Checking (CRC). We propose a novel bit-to D–STSK mapping rule, where according to the input bits, one of the Q pre-assigned dispersion vectors is activated to implicitly convey log2 Q bits, which are transmitted in combination with the classic log2 L-bit modulated symbol. Additionally, we introduce a beneficial dispersion vector design, which enables us to dispense with symbol-level Inter-Relay Synchronization (IRS). Furthermore, the Destination Node (DN) is capable of jointly detecting the signals received from the source-destination and relay-destination links, using a low-complexity single-stream-based Maximum Likelihood (ML) detector, which is an explicit benefit of our Inter-Element Interference (IEI)-free system model. More importantly, as a benefit of its design flexibility, our D–STSK arrangement enables us to adapt the number of the RNs, the transmission rate as well as the achievable diversity order.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Lajos Hanzo: orcid.org/0000-0002-2636-5214

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