Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
We examined the in vivo immune response of infants to natural respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection through analysis of cytokine levels in nasal lavage fluid and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Eighty-eight babies with at least one parent with atopy and asthma were prospectively studied through their first winter. Twenty-eight infants had an upper respiratory tract infection where RSV was detected, of whom nine developed signs of acute bronchiolitis. Nasal lavage specimens were assayed for interferon-?, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and IL-12 and the RSV load determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Messenger RNA (mRNA) was extracted from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and interferon-?, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-18 mRNA levels determined by polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine profiles were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome. The IL-4/interferon-? ratio for infants with acute bronchiolitis was elevated in nasal lavage fluid on both Days 1–2 (p = 0.014) and Days 5–7 (p = 0.001) of the illness compared with infants with upper respiratory tract infection alone. Those with acute bronchiolitis demonstrated a higher IL-10/IL-12 ratio (p = 0.0015) on Days 1–2. IL-18 mRNA levels were reduced (p = 0.019) and the IL-4/interferon-? ratio elevated (p = 0.01) in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infants with acute bronchiolitis. There was no difference in initial RSV load. These data strongly implicate excess type 2 and/or deficient type 1 immune responses in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis.
respiratory syncytial virus infections, nasal lavage fluid, T helper type 1 cells, T helper type 2 cells, infant
633-639
Legg, Julian P.
d794b6a3-768c-4986-b67f-bf9a30fe228e
Hussain, Imran R.
52e30b63-136e-4bae-8549-b7149ee91007
Warner, Jill A.
277d6d32-d31d-417c-866a-054f9d07633f
Johnston, Sebastian L.
90e0ef79-cfde-40e0-b301-90d3063ee036
Warner, John O.
50630e99-8486-4859-ade3-cd2c79c5a153
2003
Legg, Julian P.
d794b6a3-768c-4986-b67f-bf9a30fe228e
Hussain, Imran R.
52e30b63-136e-4bae-8549-b7149ee91007
Warner, Jill A.
277d6d32-d31d-417c-866a-054f9d07633f
Johnston, Sebastian L.
90e0ef79-cfde-40e0-b301-90d3063ee036
Warner, John O.
50630e99-8486-4859-ade3-cd2c79c5a153
Legg, Julian P., Hussain, Imran R., Warner, Jill A., Johnston, Sebastian L. and Warner, John O.
(2003)
Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 168 (6), .
(doi:10.1164/rccm.200210-1148OC).
Abstract
We examined the in vivo immune response of infants to natural respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection through analysis of cytokine levels in nasal lavage fluid and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Eighty-eight babies with at least one parent with atopy and asthma were prospectively studied through their first winter. Twenty-eight infants had an upper respiratory tract infection where RSV was detected, of whom nine developed signs of acute bronchiolitis. Nasal lavage specimens were assayed for interferon-?, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and IL-12 and the RSV load determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Messenger RNA (mRNA) was extracted from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and interferon-?, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-18 mRNA levels determined by polymerase chain reaction. Cytokine profiles were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome. The IL-4/interferon-? ratio for infants with acute bronchiolitis was elevated in nasal lavage fluid on both Days 1–2 (p = 0.014) and Days 5–7 (p = 0.001) of the illness compared with infants with upper respiratory tract infection alone. Those with acute bronchiolitis demonstrated a higher IL-10/IL-12 ratio (p = 0.0015) on Days 1–2. IL-18 mRNA levels were reduced (p = 0.019) and the IL-4/interferon-? ratio elevated (p = 0.01) in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infants with acute bronchiolitis. There was no difference in initial RSV load. These data strongly implicate excess type 2 and/or deficient type 1 immune responses in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis.
This record has no associated files available for download.
More information
Published date: 2003
Keywords:
respiratory syncytial virus infections, nasal lavage fluid, T helper type 1 cells, T helper type 2 cells, infant
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 27223
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/27223
ISSN: 1073-449X
PURE UUID: 980e4aee-e6cf-4699-9afd-e765436c9e8c
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 28 Apr 2006
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 07:16
Export record
Altmetrics
Contributors
Author:
Julian P. Legg
Author:
Imran R. Hussain
Author:
Jill A. Warner
Author:
Sebastian L. Johnston
Author:
John O. Warner
Download statistics
Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.
View more statistics