Powles, C.J. (2002) Energy paths in sound field. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 458 (2020), 841-856. (doi:10.1098/rspa.2001.0895).
Abstract
A pointwise method is used to calculate the energy paths within two different sound fields: that produced by the interference of two plane waves, and that found for normal acoustic modes in a cylindrical duct. The energy paths in the first case are found to be a family of peaked curves, with the average energy flow being in the direction found by averaging the wavevectors of the individual plane waves. The energy path pattern in the second case is found to be split into a series of annuli, with the flow within the annuli being along a set of peaked helical paths. These energy paths are compared with those found using the traditional cycle-averaged method, and it is found that the traditional method omits all of the small-scale structure of the energy flow pattern. The energy paths found for the duct mode are also compared with the ray structure for the duct mode, and important differences are found. This leads to questions about the relationship between energy paths and rays.
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