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Vascular dysfunction induced in offspring by maternal dietary fat involves altered arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis

Vascular dysfunction induced in offspring by maternal dietary fat involves altered arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis
Vascular dysfunction induced in offspring by maternal dietary fat involves altered arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis
Nutrition during development affects risk of future cardiovascular disease. Relatively little is known about whether the amount and type of fat in the maternal diet affect vascular function in the offspring. To investigate this, pregnant and lactating rats were fed either 7%(w/w) or 21%(w/w) fat enriched in either18:2n-6, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, or fish oil. Their offspring were fed 4%(w/w) soybean oil from weaning until day 77. Type and amount of maternal dietary fat altered acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated vaso-relaxation in offspring aortae and mesenteric arteries, contingent on sex. Amount, but not type, of maternal dietary fat altered phenylephrine (Pe)-induced vasoconstriction in these arteries. Maternal 21% fat diet decreased 20:4n-6 concentration in offspring aortae. We investigated the role of ?6 and ?5 desaturases, showing that their inhibition in aortae and mesenteric arteries reduced vasoconstriction, but not vaso-relaxation, and the synthesis of specific pro-constriction eicosanoids. Removal of the aortic endothelium did not alter the effect of inhibition of ?6 and ?5 desaturases on Pe-mediated vasoconstriction. Thus arterial smooth muscle 20:4n-6 biosynthesis de novo appears to be important for Pe-mediated vasoconstriction. Next we studied genes encoding these desaturases, finding that maternal 21% fat reduced Fads2 mRNA expression and increased Fads1 in offspring aortae, indicating dysregulation of 20:4n-6 biosynthesis. Methylation at CpG -394 bp 5' to the Fads2 transcription start site predicted its expression. This locus was hypermethylated in offspring of dams fed 21% fat. Pe treatment of aortae for 10 minutes increased Fads2, but not Fads1, mRNA expression (76%; P<0.05). This suggests that Fads2 may be an immediate early gene in the response of aortae to Pe. Thus both amount and type of maternal dietary fat induce altered regulation of vascular tone in offspring though differential effects on vaso-relaxation, and persistent changes in vasoconstriction via epigenetic processes controlling arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.
1932-6203
e34492
Kelsall, Christopher J.
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Hoile, Samuel P.
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Irvine, Nicola A.
ed181be8-0435-49b7-bbc9-ddf2249fd2aa
Masoodi, Mojgan
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Torrens, Christopher
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Lillycrop, Karen A.
eeaaa78d-0c4d-4033-a178-60ce7345a2cc
Calder, Philip C.
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Clough, Geraldine F.
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Hanson, Mark A.
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Burdge, Graham C.
09d60a07-8ca1-4351-9bf1-de6ffcfb2159
Kelsall, Christopher J.
f9a059aa-3add-451b-a595-899a64ba8123
Hoile, Samuel P.
9d7e9816-600d-45bd-ade2-dc7798bba730
Irvine, Nicola A.
ed181be8-0435-49b7-bbc9-ddf2249fd2aa
Masoodi, Mojgan
57584d36-e8d2-4c66-8e23-8bfa41be2382
Torrens, Christopher
15a35713-0651-4249-8227-5901e2cfcd22
Lillycrop, Karen A.
eeaaa78d-0c4d-4033-a178-60ce7345a2cc
Calder, Philip C.
1797e54f-378e-4dcb-80a4-3e30018f07a6
Clough, Geraldine F.
9f19639e-a929-4976-ac35-259f9011c494
Hanson, Mark A.
1952fad1-abc7-4284-a0bc-a7eb31f70a3f
Burdge, Graham C.
09d60a07-8ca1-4351-9bf1-de6ffcfb2159

Kelsall, Christopher J., Hoile, Samuel P., Irvine, Nicola A., Masoodi, Mojgan, Torrens, Christopher, Lillycrop, Karen A., Calder, Philip C., Clough, Geraldine F., Hanson, Mark A. and Burdge, Graham C. (2012) Vascular dysfunction induced in offspring by maternal dietary fat involves altered arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. PLoS ONE, 7 (4), e34492. (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034492). (PMID:22509311)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Nutrition during development affects risk of future cardiovascular disease. Relatively little is known about whether the amount and type of fat in the maternal diet affect vascular function in the offspring. To investigate this, pregnant and lactating rats were fed either 7%(w/w) or 21%(w/w) fat enriched in either18:2n-6, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, or fish oil. Their offspring were fed 4%(w/w) soybean oil from weaning until day 77. Type and amount of maternal dietary fat altered acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated vaso-relaxation in offspring aortae and mesenteric arteries, contingent on sex. Amount, but not type, of maternal dietary fat altered phenylephrine (Pe)-induced vasoconstriction in these arteries. Maternal 21% fat diet decreased 20:4n-6 concentration in offspring aortae. We investigated the role of ?6 and ?5 desaturases, showing that their inhibition in aortae and mesenteric arteries reduced vasoconstriction, but not vaso-relaxation, and the synthesis of specific pro-constriction eicosanoids. Removal of the aortic endothelium did not alter the effect of inhibition of ?6 and ?5 desaturases on Pe-mediated vasoconstriction. Thus arterial smooth muscle 20:4n-6 biosynthesis de novo appears to be important for Pe-mediated vasoconstriction. Next we studied genes encoding these desaturases, finding that maternal 21% fat reduced Fads2 mRNA expression and increased Fads1 in offspring aortae, indicating dysregulation of 20:4n-6 biosynthesis. Methylation at CpG -394 bp 5' to the Fads2 transcription start site predicted its expression. This locus was hypermethylated in offspring of dams fed 21% fat. Pe treatment of aortae for 10 minutes increased Fads2, but not Fads1, mRNA expression (76%; P<0.05). This suggests that Fads2 may be an immediate early gene in the response of aortae to Pe. Thus both amount and type of maternal dietary fat induce altered regulation of vascular tone in offspring though differential effects on vaso-relaxation, and persistent changes in vasoconstriction via epigenetic processes controlling arterial polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.

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Published date: 3 April 2012
Organisations: Human Development & Health, Centre for Biological Sciences

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Local EPrints ID: 337214
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/337214
ISSN: 1932-6203
PURE UUID: fed7ac72-f3d4-4629-8129-38710acb9449
ORCID for Karen A. Lillycrop: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-5489
ORCID for Philip C. Calder: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6038-710X
ORCID for Geraldine F. Clough: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6226-8964
ORCID for Mark A. Hanson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-613X
ORCID for Graham C. Burdge: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-7665-2967

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Date deposited: 20 Apr 2012 09:31
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 03:07

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Contributors

Author: Christopher J. Kelsall
Author: Samuel P. Hoile
Author: Nicola A. Irvine
Author: Mojgan Masoodi
Author: Christopher Torrens
Author: Mark A. Hanson ORCID iD

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