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Delayed low-dose supplemental oxygen improves survival following phosgene-induced acute lung injury

Delayed low-dose supplemental oxygen improves survival following phosgene-induced acute lung injury
Delayed low-dose supplemental oxygen improves survival following phosgene-induced acute lung injury
Phosgene is a chemical widely used in the plastics industry and has been used in warfare. It produces life-threatening pulmonary edema within hours of exposure; no antidote exists. This study examines pathophysiological changes seen following treatment with elevated inspired oxygen concentrations (Fio2), in a model of phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Anesthetized pigs were exposed to phosgene (Ct 2500?mg min m?3) and ventilated (intermittent positive pressure ventilation, tidal volume 10?ml kg?1, positive end-expiratory pressure 3?cm H2O, frequency 20 breaths min?1). The Fio2 was varied: group 1, Fio2 0.30 (228?mm Hg) throughout; group 2, Fio2 0.80 (608?mm Hg) immediately post exposure, to end; group 3, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.80 at 6?h post exposure; group 4, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.40 (304?mm Hg) at 6?h post exposure. Group 5, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.40 at 12?h post exposure. The current results demonstrate that oxygen is beneficial, with improved survival, arterial oxygen saturation, shunt fraction, and reduced lung wet weight to body weight ratio in all treatment groups, and improved arterial oxygen partial pressure in groups 2 and 3, compared to phosgene controls (group 1) animals. The authors recommend that treatment of phosgene-induced acute lung injury with inspired oxygen is delayed until signs or symptoms of hypoxia are present or arterial blood oxygenation falls. The lowest concentration of oxygen that maintains normal arterial oxygen saturation and absence of clinical signs of hypoxia is recommended.
0895-8378
552-560
Grainge, C.
ecdd36e0-55f8-4542-9e82-26e521106d8d
Jugg, B.J.
f0044f1b-8fb7-4d05-9a44-8cbf07317e14
Smith, A.J.
ff8197a7-2583-4dae-a9d2-ad9d73a2f937
Brown, R.F.R.
4b61d077-0b2f-4ec9-bb4c-4cadce20a244
Jenner, J.
b52f8719-227b-4c06-b37c-8ff0b8881ba5
Parkhouse, D.A.
5a02ce52-98d9-4360-a511-aed90ef3f6f2
Rice, P.
acd22f1e-c37f-4d23-805e-b7c86a949215
Grainge, C.
ecdd36e0-55f8-4542-9e82-26e521106d8d
Jugg, B.J.
f0044f1b-8fb7-4d05-9a44-8cbf07317e14
Smith, A.J.
ff8197a7-2583-4dae-a9d2-ad9d73a2f937
Brown, R.F.R.
4b61d077-0b2f-4ec9-bb4c-4cadce20a244
Jenner, J.
b52f8719-227b-4c06-b37c-8ff0b8881ba5
Parkhouse, D.A.
5a02ce52-98d9-4360-a511-aed90ef3f6f2
Rice, P.
acd22f1e-c37f-4d23-805e-b7c86a949215

Grainge, C., Jugg, B.J., Smith, A.J., Brown, R.F.R., Jenner, J., Parkhouse, D.A. and Rice, P. (2010) Delayed low-dose supplemental oxygen improves survival following phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Inhalation Toxicology, 22 (7), 552-560. (doi:10.3109/08958370903571831). (PMID:20384554)

Record type: Article

Abstract

Phosgene is a chemical widely used in the plastics industry and has been used in warfare. It produces life-threatening pulmonary edema within hours of exposure; no antidote exists. This study examines pathophysiological changes seen following treatment with elevated inspired oxygen concentrations (Fio2), in a model of phosgene-induced acute lung injury. Anesthetized pigs were exposed to phosgene (Ct 2500?mg min m?3) and ventilated (intermittent positive pressure ventilation, tidal volume 10?ml kg?1, positive end-expiratory pressure 3?cm H2O, frequency 20 breaths min?1). The Fio2 was varied: group 1, Fio2 0.30 (228?mm Hg) throughout; group 2, Fio2 0.80 (608?mm Hg) immediately post exposure, to end; group 3, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.80 at 6?h post exposure; group 4, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.40 (304?mm Hg) at 6?h post exposure. Group 5, Fio2 0.30 from 30?min post exposure, increased to 0.40 at 12?h post exposure. The current results demonstrate that oxygen is beneficial, with improved survival, arterial oxygen saturation, shunt fraction, and reduced lung wet weight to body weight ratio in all treatment groups, and improved arterial oxygen partial pressure in groups 2 and 3, compared to phosgene controls (group 1) animals. The authors recommend that treatment of phosgene-induced acute lung injury with inspired oxygen is delayed until signs or symptoms of hypoxia are present or arterial blood oxygenation falls. The lowest concentration of oxygen that maintains normal arterial oxygen saturation and absence of clinical signs of hypoxia is recommended.

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Published date: June 2010
Organisations: Clinical & Experimental Sciences

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Local EPrints ID: 341697
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/341697
ISSN: 0895-8378
PURE UUID: 8836a763-307b-4dad-a5a8-b96d3788ee7b

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Date deposited: 06 Aug 2012 11:06
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 11:43

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Contributors

Author: C. Grainge
Author: B.J. Jugg
Author: A.J. Smith
Author: R.F.R. Brown
Author: J. Jenner
Author: D.A. Parkhouse
Author: P. Rice

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